ArticleFEBS letters2011
Botulinum neurotoxin subtype A2 enters neuronal cells faster than subtype A1.
Article in FEBS letters, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Guideline
- Cryo-EM Structure Guided Engineering of Botulinum Neurotoxin A With Advanced Receptor Binding Affinity and Therapeutical Benefits.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Cryo-EM structure of the botulinum neurotoxin A/SV2B complex and its implications for translocation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Embracing the Versatility of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Conventional and New Therapeutic Applications.Toxins · 2024Review
- A DARPin promotes faster onset of botulinum neurotoxin A1 action.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Glia instruct axon regeneration via a ternary modulation of neuronal calcium channels in Drosophila.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- Crystal Structures of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Detection of VAMP Proteolysis by Tetanus and Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B In Vivo with a Cleavage-Specific Antibody.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Analgesic potential of different available commercial brands of botulinum neurotoxin-A in formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice.Toxicon: X · 2021Article
- Emerging Opportunities in Human Pluripotent Stem-Cells Based Assays to Explore the Diversity of Botulinum Neurotoxins as Future Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Structure and Classification of Botulinum Toxins.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2021Article
- Engineering Botulinum Neurotoxins for Enhanced Therapeutic Applications and Vaccine Development.Toxins · 2020Review
- Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin subtype A3 cell binding domain in complex with GD1a co-receptor ganglioside.FEBS open bio · 2020Article
- Critical Analysis of Neuronal Cell and the Mouse Bioassay for Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxins.Toxins · 2019Review
- Review
- Comparative functional analysis of mice after local injection with botulinum neurotoxin A1, A2, A6, and B1 by catwalk analysis.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2019Article
- Article
- Variations in the Botulinum Neurotoxin Binding Domain and the Potential for Novel Therapeutics.Toxins · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the causative agent of human botulism, are the most potent naturally occurring toxins known. BoNT/A1, the most studied BoNT, is also used as an important biopharmaceutical. In this study, the biological activity of BoNT/A1 is compared to that of BoNT/A2 using neuronal cell models. The data obtained indicate faster and increased intoxication of neuronal cells by BoNT/A2 than BoNT/A1, and that the mechanism underlying this increased toxicity is faster and more efficient cell entry that is independent of ganglioside binding. These results have important implications for the development of new BoNT based therapeutics and BoNT countermeasures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.