ArticleGlia2011
Translocator protein (18 kDa)/peripheral benzodiazepine receptor specific ligands induce microglia functions consistent with an activated state.
Article in Glia, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Target validation uncouples mitochondrial translocator protein from 19-Atriol-mediated inhibition of steroidogenesis and identifies enzymatic targets.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Simvastatin-induced neuroprotective effect after brain injury is mediated by mitochondrial protection through modulation of the 18 kDa translocator protein.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Inflammation associated microglial expansion disrupts hippocampal glial network communication, driving postoperative neurocognitive impairment.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Convergence of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and glucocorticoid resistance in depression-related cardiovascular diseases.BMC immunology · 2024Review
- Functional role of translocator protein and its ligands in ocular diseases (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2024Review
- History of Microglia.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial control of microglial phagocytosis by the translocator protein and hexokinase 2 in Alzheimer's disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Usefulness of Serum Translocator Protein as a Potential Predictive Biochemical Marker of Three-Month Cognitive Impairment After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- Microglia as Therapeutic Target for Radiation-Induced Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Imaging neuroinflammation with TSPO: A new perspective on the cellular sources and subcellular localization.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Review
- Translocator protein (18 kDa) regulates the microglial phenotype in Parkinson's disease through P47.Bioengineered · 2022Article
- Neuroinflammation in Low-Level PM2.5-Exposed Rats Illustrated by PET via an Improved Automated Produced [Molecular imaging · 2022Article
- Research Progress on the Role of Microglia Membrane Proteins or Receptors in Neuroinflammation and Degeneration.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Can (immune and other) gene expression help us to treat depression?Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- TSPO protein binding partners in bacteria, animals, and plants.Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes · 2021Review
- Surface translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) localization on immune cells upon stimulation with LPS and in ART-treated HIVJournal of leukocyte biology · 2021Article
- Optimised GMP-compliant production of [EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2021Article
- Article
- Neuroprotective effect of mitochondrial translocator protein ligand in a mouse model of tauopathy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
- Oxytocin, Dopamine, and Opioid Interactions Underlying Pair Bonding: Highlighting a Potential Role for Microglia.Endocrinology · 2021Review
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In the brain, translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO), previously called peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR), is a glial protein that has been extensively used as a biomarker of brain injury and inflammation. However, the functional role of TSPO in glial cells is not well characterized. In this study, we show that the TSPO-specific ligands R-PK11195 (PK) and Ro5-4864 (Ro) increased microglia proliferation and phagocytosis with no effect on migration. Both ligands increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and this effect may be mediated by NADPH-oxidase. PK and Ro also produced a small but detectable increase in IL-1β release. We also examined the effect of PK and Ro on the expression of proinflammatory genes and cytokine release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activated microglia. PK or Ro had no effect on LPS-induced increase of pro-inflammatory genes, but they both decreased the ATP-induced increase of COX-2 gene expression. Ro, but not PK, enhanced the LPS-induced release of IL-1β. However, Ro decreased the ATP-induced release of IL-1β and TNF-α, and PK decreased the ATP-induced release of TNF-α. Exposure to Ro in the presence of LPS increased the number of apoptotic microglia, an effect that could be blocked by PK. These findings show that TSPO ligands modulate cellular functions consistent with microglia activation. Further, when microglia are activated, these ligands may have therapeutic potential by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and cytokine release. Finally, Ro-like ligands may be involved in the elimination of activated microglia via apoptosis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.