Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21124742›Full record

ArticlePloS one2010

In vivo activation of the intracrine vitamin D pathway in innate immune cells and mammary tissue during a bacterial infection.

Corwin D Nelson, Timothy A Reinhardt, Donald C Beitz, John D Lippolis

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Intramammary 25-hydroxyvitamin DJDS communications · 2023
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Stage of infection withFrontiers in veterinary science · 2023
    Article
  6. Bovine Immunity and Vitamin DMicroorganisms · 2022
    Review
  7. Vitamin DFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  8. Exogenous Vitamin DFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Corwin D NelsonDiseases and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Timothy A Reinhardt
Donald C Beitz
John D Lippolis
United States Department of Agriculture · USIowa State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Numerous in vitro studies have shown that toll-like receptor signaling induces 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) 1α-hydroxylase (1α-OHase; CYP27B1) expression in macrophages from various species. 1α-OHase is the primary enzyme that converts 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)). Subsequently, synthesis of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) by 1α-OHase in macrophages has been shown to modulate innate immune responses of macrophages. Despite the numerous in vitro studies that have shown 1α-OHase expression is induced in macrophages, however, evidence that 1α-OHase expression is induced by pathogens in vivo is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate 1α-OHase gene expression in macrophages and mammary tissue during an in vivo bacterial infection with Streptococcus uberis. In tissue and secreted cells from the infected mammary glands, 1α-OHase gene expression was significantly increased compared to expression in tissue and cells from the healthy mammary tissue. Separation of the cells by FACS9 revealed that 1α-OHase was predominantly expressed in the CD14(+) cells isolated from the infected mammary tissue. The 24-hydroxylase gene, a gene that is highly upregulated by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), was significantly more expressed in tissue and cells from the infected mammary tissue than from the healthy uninfected mammary tissue thus indicating significant local 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) production at the infection site. In conclusion, this study provides the first in vivo evidence that 1α-OHase expression is upregulated in macrophages in response to bacterial infection and that 1α-OHase at the site of infection provides 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) for local regulation of vitamin D responsive genes.

Indexed as

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-HydroxylaseAnimalsCattleFemaleGene Expression RegulationHost-Pathogen InteractionsImmunity, InnateMacrophagesMammary Glands, AnimalMastitisMonocytesReceptors, CalcitriolReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSignal TransductionStreptococcal InfectionsStreptococcus25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-HydroxylaseReceptors, CalcitriolVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID21124742
PMCPMC2993969
OpenAlexW2045218246

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.