ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2011
MITF-siRNA formulation is a safe and effective therapy for human melasma.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding Hyperpigmentation from Biological Mechanisms to Actives with Clinically Proven Topical Efficacy: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Recent advances in gene delivery for melanocyte-associated disorders.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Transdermal delivery of ultradeformable cationic liposomes complexed with miR211-5p (UCL-211) stabilizes BRAFV600E+ melanocytic nevi.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Melasma Management: A Comprehensive Review of Treatment Strategies Including BTX-A.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Review
- Transdermal Delivery of Ultradeformable Cationic Liposomes Complexed with miR211-5p (UCL-211) Stabilizes BRAFV600E+ Melanocytic Nevi.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Update on Melasma Treatments.Annals of dermatology · 2024Review
- Imperatorin Positively Regulates Melanogenesis through Signaling Pathways Involving PKA/CREB, ERK, AKT, and GSK3β/β-Catenin.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Understanding Melasma-How Can Pharmacology and Cosmetology Procedures and Prevention Help to Achieve Optimal Treatment Results? A Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Recycled Sericin Hydrolysates Modified by AlcalaseInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Cajanin Suppresses Melanin Synthesis through Modulating MITF in Human Melanin-Producing Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Flavonoid Glycosides fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Spherical Nucleic Acids for Topical Treatment of Hyperpigmentation.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2021Article
- Novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of NRAS mutant melanoma.Expert review of precision medicine and drug development · 2021Article
- Advances in the Application and Impact of MicroRNAs as Therapies for Skin Disease.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2017Review
- Therapeutic RNAi robed with ionic liquid moieties as a simple, scalable prodrug platform for treating skin disease.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2016Article
- Effect of silencing SATB1 on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells.Oncology letters · 2016Article
- Confetti-like Sparing: A Diagnostic Clinical Feature of Melasma.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2016Review
- Nucleic acid delivery into skin for the treatment of skin disease: Proofs-of-concept, potential impact, and remaining challenges.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
- siRNA-based spherical nucleic acids reverse impaired wound healing in diabetic mice by ganglioside GM3 synthase knockdown.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Topical delivery of siRNA into skin using SPACE-peptide carriers.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is unclear whether siRNA-based agents can be a safe and effective therapy for diseases. In this study, we demonstrate that microphthalmia-associated transcription factor-siRNA (MITF-siR)-silenced MITF gene expression effectively induced a significant reduction in tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1, and melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) levels. The siRNAs caused obvious inhibition of melanin synthesis and melanoma cell apoptosis. Using a novel type of transdermal peptide, we developed the formulation of an MITF-siR cream. Results demonstrated that hyperpigmented facial lesions of siRNA-treated subjects were significantly lighter after 12 weeks of therapy than before treatment (P < 0.001); overall improvement was first noted after 4 weeks of siRNA treatment. At the end of treatment, clinical and colorimetric evaluations demonstrated a 90.4% lightening of the siRNA-treated lesions toward normal skin color. The relative melanin contents in the lesions and adjacent normal skin were decreased by 26% and 7.4%, respectively, after treatment with the MITF-siR formulation. Topical application of siRNA formulation significantly lightens brown facial hypermelanosis and lightens normal skin in Asian individuals. This treatment represents a safe and effective therapy for melasma, suggesting that siRNA-based agents could be developed for treating other diseases such as melanoma.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.