Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21118608›Full record

ArticleParasitology2011

Genome sequences reveal divergence times of malaria parasite lineages.

Joana C Silva, Amy Egan, Robert Friedman, James B Munro, Jane M Carlton, Austin L Hughes

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasitology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  2. Phylogenetic congruence of Plasmodium spp. and wild ungulate hosts in the Peruvian Amazon.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2024
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Transcriptome and Proteome Response ofFrontiers in physiology · 2019
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. ISBT science series · 2015
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Malarial hemozoin: from target to tool.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 2014
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Joana C SilvaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Amy Egan
Robert Friedman
James B Munro
Jane M Carlton
Austin L Hughes
University of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of South Carolina · USNew York University · US

Funding

POLYMORPHISM &EVOLUTION OF MHC GENESR01GM043940 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI HUGHES, AUSTIN L. · 1990 to 2010
$1.5M
Comparative Evolutionary Genomics and Infectious DiseaseR01GM070793 · NIGMS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI CARLTON, JANE M · 2006 to 2010
$1.0M
NIGMS NIH HHS 5R01 GM070793-03NIGMS NIH HHS GM43940NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM043940NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM070793Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe evolutionary history of human malaria parasites (genus Plasmodium) has long been a subject of speculation and controversy. The complete genome sequences of the two most widespread human malaria parasites, P. falciparum and P. vivax, and of the monkey parasite P. knowlesi are now available, together with the draft genomes of the chimpanzee parasite P. reichenowi, three rodent parasites, P. yoelii yoelli, P. berghei and P. chabaudi chabaudi, and one avian parasite, P. gallinaceum.

methodsWe present here an analysis of 45 orthologous gene sequences across the eight species that resolves the relationships of major Plasmodium lineages, and provides the first comprehensive dating of the age of those groups.

resultsOur analyses support the hypothesis that the last common ancestor of P. falciparum and the chimpanzee parasite P. reichenowi occurred around the time of the human-chimpanzee divergence. P. falciparum infections of African apes are most likely derived from humans and not the other way around. On the other hand, P. vivax, split from the monkey parasite P. knowlesi in the much more distant past, during the time that encompasses the separation of the Great Apes and Old World Monkeys.

conclusionThe results support an ancient association between malaria parasites and their primate hosts, including humans.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionEvolution, MolecularAnimalsBase SequenceDNA, MitochondrialGenome, ProtozoanHaplorhiniHominidaeHost-Parasite InteractionsHumansMalariaMalaria, FalciparumPan troglodytesPhylogenyPlasmodiumPlasmodium falciparumDNA, Mitochondrial

Identifiers

PMID21118608
PMCPMC3081533
OpenAlexW2081652332

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.