ArticleInfection and immunity2011
Comparative kinetics of Escherichia coli- and Staphylococcus aureus-specific activation of key immune pathways in mammary epithelial cells demonstrates that S. aureus elicits a delayed response dominated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) but not by IL-1A or tumor necrosis factor alpha.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Biological Transition Around 200 × 10International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of an ethnoveterinary formulation against Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis via modulating TLR-2/NOX-2 pathway.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- Luteolin Alleviates Inflammation Induced byVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Interleukin-6 as a Milk Marker of Clinical and Subclinical Intramammary Infections (IMI) in Cows Caused byAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
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- Milk fat miRNome changes in response to LPS challenge in Holstein cows.Veterinary research · 2023Article
- Expression, Regulation, and Function of β-Defensins in the Bovine Mammary Glands: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Punch-excised explants of bovine mammary gland to model early immune response to infection.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Immunological and Oxidative Biomarkers in Bovine Serum from Healthy, Clinical, and Sub-Clinical Mastitis Caused byAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Molecular Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci from the Dairy Value Chain in Two Indian States.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Exosomes in Mastitis-Research Status, Opportunities, and Challenges.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Cell Differentiation of Bovine Milk Control Samples to Improve Prognosis of Mastitis Cure.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- IL-6 Cytokine Family: A Putative Target for Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Staphylococcus aureus mediates pyroptosis in bovine mammary epithelial cell via activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.Veterinary research · 2022Article
- Immune defenses of the mammary gland epithelium of dairy ruminants.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome mRNA and miRNA Profiles Reveals Self-Protective Mechanism of Bovine MECs Induced by LPS.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
- The Role of microRNAs in the Mammary Gland Development, Health, and Function of Cattle, Goats, and Sheep.Non-coding RNA · 2021Review
- Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infections of the udder by Escherichia coli very often elicit acute inflammation, while Staphylococcus aureus infections tend to cause mild, subclinical inflammation and persistent infections. The molecular causes underlying the different disease patterns are poorly understood. We therefore profiled the kinetics and extents of global changes in the transcriptome of primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (MEC) after challenging them with heat-inactivated preparations of E. coli or S. aureus pathogens. E. coli swiftly and strongly induced an expression of cytokines and bactericidal factors. S. aureus elicited a retarded response and failed to quickly induce an expression of bactericidal factors. Both pathogens induced similar patterns of chemokines for cell recruitment into the udder, but E. coli stimulated their synthesis much faster and stronger. The genes that are exclusively and most strongly upregulated by E. coli may be clustered into a regulatory network with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in a central position. In contrast, the expression of these master cytokines is barely regulated by S. aureus. Both pathogens quickly trigger an enhanced expression of IL-6. This is still possible after completely abrogating MyD88-dependent Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in MEC. The E. coli-specific strong induction of TNF-α and IL-1 expression may be causative for the severe inflammatory symptoms of animals suffering from E. coli mastitis, while the avoidance to quickly induce the synthesis of bactericidal factors may support the persistent survival of S. aureus within the udder. We suggest that S. aureus subverts the MyD88-dependent activation of immune gene expression in MEC.
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