ArticleJournal of bacteriology2011
The three vibrio cholerae chromosome II-encoded ParE toxins degrade chromosome I following loss of chromosome II.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Broken beyond repair: TA system ParE toxins mediate effective gyrase inhibition without driving resistance.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Single-cell evidence for plasmid addiction mediated by toxin-antitoxin systems.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Friend or Foe: Protein Inhibitors of DNA Gyrase.Biology · 2024Review
- Toxin:antitoxin ratio sensing autoregulation of theScience advances · 2024Article
- Cell cycle-coordinated maintenance of theEcoSal Plus · 2023Review
- Biology and evolution of bacterial toxin-antitoxin systems.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Toxin-antitoxin systems in pathogenic3 Biotech · 2022Review
- Article
- Entropic pressure controls the oligomerization of the Vibrio cholerae ParD2 antitoxin.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2021Article
- Phylogeny Reveals Novel HipA-Homologous Kinase Families and Toxin-Antitoxin Gene Organizations.mBio · 2021Article
- Biological Functions of Type II Toxin-Antitoxin Systems in Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Genome Mining Shows Ubiquitous Presence and Extensive Diversity of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems inFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Overexpression ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Review
- A ParDE-family toxin antitoxin system in major resistance plasmids of Enterobacteriaceae confers antibiotic and heat tolerance.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Survey of Toxin⁻Antitoxin Systems inToxins · 2019Article
- The toxin from a ParDE toxin-antitoxin system found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa offers protection to cells challenged with anti-gyrase antibiotics.Molecular microbiology · 2019Article
- Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Three homologues of the plasmid RK2 ParDE toxin-antitoxin system are present in the Vibrio cholerae genome within the superintegron on chromosome II. Here we found that these three loci-two of which have identical open reading frames and regulatory sequences-encode functional toxin-antitoxin systems. The ParE toxins inhibit bacterial division and reduce viability, presumably due to their capacity to damage DNA. The in vivo effects of ParE1/3 mimic those of ParE2, which we have previously demonstrated to be a DNA gyrase inhibitor in vitro, suggesting that ParE1/3 is likewise a gyrase inhibitor, despite its relatively low degree of sequence identity. ParE-mediated DNA damage activates the V. cholerae SOS response, which in turn likely accounts for ParE's inhibition of cell division. Each toxin's effects can be prevented by the expression of its cognate ParD antitoxin, which acts in a toxin-specific fashion both to block toxicity and to repress the expression of its parDE operon. Derepression of ParE activity in ΔparAB2 mutant V. cholerae cells that have lost chromosome II contributes to the prominent DNA degradation that accompanies the death of these cells. Overall, our findings suggest that the ParE toxins lead to the postsegregational killing of cells missing chromosome II in a manner that closely mimics postsegregational killing mediated by plasmid-encoded homologs. Thus, the parDE loci aid in the maintenance of the integrity of the V. cholerae superintegron and in ensuring the inheritance of chromosome II.
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