Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21115137›Full record

ArticleInfection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases2011

Ongoing purifying selection on intergenic spacers in group A streptococcus.

Haiwei Luo, Jijun Tang, Robert Friedman, Austin L Hughes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 40% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Haiwei LuoDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, 700 Sumter St., SC 29208, USA.
Jijun Tang
Robert Friedman
Austin L Hughes
University of South Carolina · US

Funding

POLYMORPHISM &EVOLUTION OF MHC GENESR01GM043940 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI HUGHES, AUSTIN L. · 1990 to 2010
$1.5M
Phylogenetic Analysis with Complex Genome Rearrangement EventsR01GM078991 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA · PI TANG, JIJUN · 2006 to 2009
$715k
NIGMS NIH HHS GM078991NIGMS NIH HHS GM43940NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM043940NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM078991
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacterial intergenic spacers are non-coding genomic regions enriched with cis-regulatory elements for gene expression. A population genetics approach was used to investigate the evolutionary force shaping the genetic diversity of intergenic spacers among 13 genomes of group A streptococcus (GAS). Analysis of 590 genes and their linked 5' intergenic spacers showed reduced nucleotide diversity in spacers compared to synonymous nucleotide diversity in protein-coding regions, suggestive of past purifying selection on spacers. Certain spacers showed elevated nucleotide diversity indicative of past homologous recombination with divergent genotypes. In addition, analysis of the difference between mean nucleotide difference and number of segregating sites showed evidence of an excess of rare variants both at nonsynonymous sites in genes and at sites in spacers, which is evidence that there are numerous slightly deleterious variants in GAS populations with potential effects on both protein sequences and gene expression.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, BacterialRegulatory Elements, TranscriptionalSelection, GeneticBase SequenceDNA, IntergenicEvolution, MolecularGene ExpressionGenetic VariationMutationPolymorphism, Single NucleotideStreptococcus pyogenesDNA, Intergenic

Identifiers

PMID21115137
PMCPMC3411356
OpenAlexW2113006827

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.