ArticleVaccine2011
Vi-CRM 197 as a new conjugate vaccine against Salmonella Typhi.
Article in Vaccine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative immune response of Typbar TCV® (typhoid conjugate vaccine) in extremes of age: An Indian experience.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Trial
- A multicenter, single-blind, randomized, phase-2/3 study to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of a single intramuscular dose of biological E's Vi-capsular polysaccharide-CRMHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of the Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine in healthy volunteers in Nepal: an observer-blind, active-controlled, randomised, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- A phase 1 randomized safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity study of Typhax: A novel protein capsular matrix vaccine candidate for the prevention of typhoid fever.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Protein-centric mechanisms of typhoidalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Preclinical evaluation of a bivalent conjugate vaccine againstFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Characterization of a Luminescence-Based Serum Bactericidal Activity Assay for Human Sera Against a Panel ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Non-typhoidal Salmonella combination vaccines: clinical development plan and regulatory considerations.Vaccine · 2025Review
- Adjuvanted Modified Bacterial Antigens for Single-Dose Vaccines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- From ancient remedies to modern miracles: tracing the evolution of vaccines and their impact on public health.3 Biotech · 2024Review
- Article
- Intranasal immunization of mice with chimera of Salmonella Typhi protein elicits protective intestinal immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Qualification of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of anti-Vi IgG in human sera.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Testing a Recombinant Form of Tetanus Toxoid as a Carrier Protein for Glycoconjugate Vaccines.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Exploring the variables influencing the immune response of traditional and innovative glycoconjugate vaccines.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Vi polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines afford similar early, IgM or IgG-independent control of infection but boosting with conjugated Vi vaccines sustains the efficacy of immune responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- A candidate glycoconjugate vaccine induces protective antibodies in the serum and intestinal secretions, antibody recall response and memory T cells and protects against both typhoidal and non-typhoidalFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- A strategic model for developing vaccines against neglected diseases: An example of industry collaboration for sustainable development.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
An efficacious, low cost vaccine against typhoid fever, especially for young children, would make a major impact on disease burden in developing countries. The virulence capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella Typhi (Vi) coupled to recombinant mutant Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoprotein A (Vi-rEPA) has been shown to be highly efficacious. We investigated the use of carrier proteins included in infant vaccines, standardized the conjugation process and developed key assays required for routine lot release at production scale. Vi from a BSL1 organism, Citrobacter freundii, strain WR7011, was used as an alternative to Vi from S. Typhi. We showed that Vi conjugated to CRM(197), a non-toxic mutant of diphtheria toxin, widely used in commercial vaccines, was produced at high yield. Vi-CRM(197) proved immunogenic in animal studies, even without adjuvant. Thus, Vi-CRM(197) appears to be a suitable candidate for the development of a commercially viable, effective typhoid vaccine for developing countries.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.