ArticleGastroenterology2011
Inflammatory markers are associated with risk of colorectal cancer and chemopreventive response to anti-inflammatory drugs.
Article in Gastroenterology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevation of circulating TNF receptor 2 in cancer: A systematic meta-analysis for its potential as a diagnostic cancer biomarker.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Interleukin-6 and risk of colorectal cancer: results from the CLUE II cohort and a meta-analysis of prospective studies.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2015Pooled it
- Association between obesity-related adipokines and colorectal cancer: a case-control study and meta-analysis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Pooled it
- IL6 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis and review.Molecular biology reports · 2012Pooled it
- Inflammation, physical activity, and disease-free survival in stage III colon cancer: Cancer and Leukemia Group B-Southwest Oncology Group 80702 (Alliance).Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Trial
- Effect of Exercise or Metformin on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Breast and Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Trial
- Fibroblast growth factor 21 as a circulating biomarker at various stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.British journal of cancer · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Inflammatory biomarkers, aspirin, and risk of colorectal cancer: Findings from the physicians' health study.Cancer epidemiology · 2016Trial
- Circulating Inflammatory Mediators as Potential Prognostic Markers of Human Colorectal Cancer.PloS one · 2016Trial
- C-reactive protein and risk of colorectal adenoma according to celecoxib treatment.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2011Trial
- Optimal measures of carbohydrate quality to lower the risk of type 2 diabetes: findings from 3 prospective cohort studies.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Early-onset colorectal cancer: epidemiology, risk factors, and implications for clinical practice.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Assessment of Adipokine and Inflammation Biomarkers with Cancer Risk among Chinese Men: A Prospective Cohort Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha's Role in the Pathophysiology of Colon Cancer.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Biomarkers of inflammation and colorectal cancer risk.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Targeting TNFR2 for cancer immunotherapy: recent advances and future directions.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- High-quality fruit and vegetable characterized by cardiometabolic biomarkers and its relation to major chronic disease risk: results from 3 prospective United States cohort studies.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Metabolomic signatures of inflammation and metabolic dysregulation in relation to colorectal cancer risk.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsAspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) lower the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We investigated whether plasma inflammatory markers were associated with risk of CRC and if use of anti-inflammatory drugs was differentially associated with risk of CRC according to levels of inflammatory markers.
methodsWe measured levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, and the soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR-2) in blood samples from 32,826 women, collected from 1989 to 1990. Through 2004, we documented 280 cases of incident CRC; each case was matched for age to 2 randomly selected participants without cancer (controls). Information on anti-inflammatory drug (aspirin and NSAIDs) use was collected biennially.
resultsCompared with women in the lowest quartile of plasma levels of sTNFR-2, women in the highest quartile had an increased risk of CRC (multivariate relative risk [RR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.68; P for trend = .03). Among women with high baseline levels of sTNFR-2, those who initiated aspirin/NSAID use after blood collection had significant reductions in subsequent risk of CRC (multivariate RR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18-0.86). In contrast, among women with low baseline levels of sTNFR-2, initiation of aspirin/NSAID use was not associated with significant risk reduction (multivariate RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.41-1.79). Plasma levels of CRP and IL-6 were not significantly associated with CRC risk.
conclusionsPlasma levels of sTNFR-2, but not CRP or IL-6, are associated with an increased risk of CRC. Anti-inflammatory drugs appear to reduce risk of CRC among women with high, but not low, baseline levels of sTNFR-2. Certain subsets of the population, defined by inflammatory markers, may obtain different benefits from anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.