Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2011
How do elite cross-country skiers adapt to different double poling frequencies at low to high speeds?
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exercise-induced trunk fatigue decreases double poling performance in well-trained cross-country skiers.European journal of applied physiology · 2018Trial
- The effects of strength training versus ski-ergometer training on double-poling capacity of elite junior cross-country skiers.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Trial
- Investigation of the Effects of Ski Ergometer-Based Training on Respiratory Functions and Isokinetic Muscle Strength in Cross-Country Skiers.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Enhancing speed and efficiency: biomechanical variation in maximal speed double poling among different performance level cross-country skiers.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- The effect of work rate on metabolic and mechanical intensity measures across skating style sub-techniques in cross-country skiing.European journal of sport science · 2025Article
- Skiing economy and kinematic during a field double poling roller skiing among novice and experienced cross-country skiers.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Changes in roller skiing economy among Nordic combined athletes leading up to the competition season.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Physiological responses and performance factors for double-poling and diagonal-stride treadmill roller-skiing time-trial exercise.European journal of applied physiology · 2023Article
- Contribution and effectiveness of ski and pole forces in selected roller skiing techniques on treadmill at moderate inclines.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- The Modern Double-Poling Technique Is Not More Energy Efficient Than the Old-Fashioned Double-Poling Technique at a Submaximal Work Intensity.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Article
- Physiological Responses and Predictors of Performance in a Simulated Competitive Ski Mountaineering Race.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2021Article
- Case Report: Adjusting Seat and Backrest Angle Improves Performance in an Elite Paralympic Rower.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Article
- Mechanical energy and propulsion mechanics in roller-skiing double-poling at increasing speeds.PloS one · 2021Article
- Mechanical energetics and dynamics of uphill double-poling on roller-skis at different incline-speed combinations.PloS one · 2019Article
- Following a Long-Distance Classical Race the Whole-Body Kinematics of Double Poling by Elite Cross-Country Skiers Are Altered.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Functional significance of extent and timing of muscle activation during double poling on-snow with increasing speed.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Article
- Changing relative crank angle increases the metabolic cost of leg cycling.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Article
- Effect of prolonged racing on muscle activity and spatiotemporal variables: double-poling technique.Journal of physical therapy science · 2017Article
- Full course macro-kinematic analysis of a 10 km classical cross-country skiing competition.PloS one · 2017Article
- Energetics and biomechanics of double poling in regional and high-level cross-country skiers.European journal of applied physiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine the biomechanical-physiological effects of different frequencies using the double poling technique in cross-country skiing. Nine elite skiers roller-skied using poling frequencies of 40, 60 and 80 cycles·min(-1) (Pf(40,) Pf(60), Pf(80)) at submaximal treadmill speeds (12, 18, 24 km·h(-1)). Cycle characteristics, pole forces, joint angles and physiological responses were measured. Comparing Pf(40) versus Pf(60) versus Pf(80) (all variables different at P < 0.05), absolute poling time decreased by up to 46%, as did absolute and relative (% cycle time) recovery times, at almost all speeds. Peak force, impulse of force and time to peak force decreased, whereas impact force increased with frequency at almost all speeds. Elbow ranges of motion and angular velocities, hip and knee angle maxima and flexion/extension ranges of motion per cycle decreased, whereas hip and knee angle minima, ranges of motion per minute and angular extension velocities during recovery phase all increased with frequency at nearly all speeds. Oxygen uptake and heart rate increased up to 13% (Pf(40-60) versus Pf(80)) at all speeds. Pulmonary ventilation increased most distinctly at the highest speed. Blood lactate was lowest at Pf(60) and highest at Pf(80) (J-shape curve) at 24 km·h(-1). Gross efficiency decreased with higher frequency at all speeds. These results demonstrate different biomechanical and physiological demands at different frequencies with the beneficial effects of lower poling frequencies at submaximal speeds. For training purposes, we suggest that cross-country skiers would benefit by training with different poling frequencies to vary their training load.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21113613What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.