ReviewDental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials2011
State of the art etch-and-rinse adhesives.
Review in Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 360 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
360 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,063 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Phosphoric Acid Etching Duration on the Bonding Performance of Universal Adhesives on Enamel: A Systematic Review of Laboratory Studies.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of mussel-inspired primers on resin-dentin bonding interface stability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of oral sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Biomimetic Remineralization Strategies for Dentin Bond Stability-Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the effectiveness of doxycycline in restorative dentistry: a systematic review of in vitro studies.Odontology · 2025Pooled it
- The role of etching protocols on bond strength of universal adhesives applied to caries affected dentin: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Bonding of Glass-Ionomer Cement and Adhesives to Silver Diamine Fluoride-treated Dentin: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The journal of adhesive dentistry · 2022Pooled it
- Does immediate dentin sealing influence postoperative sensitivity in teeth restored with indirect restorations? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of collagen cross-linkers on dentin bond strength: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Pooled it
- Does the etching strategy influence the bonding of universal adhesive systems to primary teeth? A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of silver diamine fluoride solution application on the bond strength of dentine to adhesives and to glass ionomer cements: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of 2% Chlorhexidine Following Acid Etching on Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin Restorations: A Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Pooled it
- 6-Month Clinical Evaluation of Reduced Dentin Etching Time Using Universal Adhesives in Noncarious Cervical Lesions: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026Trial
- How laser etching affects the clinical performance of a "no-wait" universal adhesive: 36-month results.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- A Three-step Etch-and-Rinse vs a Universal Adhesive in Nanohybrid Composite Anterior Restorations: A Retrospective Clinical Evaluation.The journal of adhesive dentistry · 2023Trial
- Evaluation of the efficacy of a 2-step etch-and-rinse, 2-step self-etch and 1-step self-etch adhesive systems, in class II primary molars restorations. An one year prospective, randomized clinical trial.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2022Trial
- Sixty-month follow up of three different universal adhesives used with a highly-filled flowable resin composite in the restoration of non-carious cervical lesion.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Trial
- Bonding performance and ultramorphology of the resin-dentine interface of contemporary universal adhesives.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Trial
- Effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with different photosensitizers and adhesion protocol on the bond strength of resin composite to sound dentin.Clinical oral investigations · 2022Trial
- From bioactivity to biofunctional restorative materials: reappraising terminology and evidence.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Review
300 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic opportunities of each step of 3-step etch-and-rinse adhesives.
methodsEtch-and-rinse adhesive systems are the oldest of the multi-generation evolution of resin bonding systems. In the 3-step version, they involve acid-etching, priming and application of a separate adhesive. Each step can accomplish multiple goals. Acid-etching, using 32-37% phosphoric acid (pH 0.1-0.4) not only simultaneously etches enamel and dentin, but the low pH kills many residual bacteria.
resultsSome etchants include anti-microbial compounds such as benzalkonium chloride that also inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in dentin. Primers are usually water and HEMA-rich solutions that ensure complete expansion of the collagen fibril meshwork and wet the collagen with hydrophilic monomers. However, water alone can re-expand dried dentin and can also serve as a vehicle for protease inhibitors or protein cross-linking agents that may increase the durability of resin-dentin bonds. In the future, ethanol or other water-free solvents may serve as dehydrating primers that may also contain antibacterial quaternary ammonium methacrylates to inhibit dentin MMPs and increase the durability of resin-dentin bonds. The complete evaporation of solvents is nearly impossible. SIGNIFICANCE: Manufacturers may need to optimize solvent concentrations. Solvent-free adhesives can seal resin-dentin interfaces with hydrophobic resins that may also contain fluoride and antimicrobial compounds. Etch-and-rinse adhesives produce higher resin-dentin bonds that are more durable than most 1 and 2-step adhesives. Incorporation of protease inhibitors in etchants and/or cross-linking agents in primers may increase the durability of resin-dentin bonds. The therapeutic potential of etch-and-rinse adhesives has yet to be fully exploited.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.