ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2011
Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity maintained and amplified over 5 years of a low transmission endemic in the Peruvian Amazon.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review of sub-microscopic P. vivax infections: prevalence and determining factors.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Pooled it
- Genetic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum Pfs230 gene in four East African countries supports its potential as a malaria transmission‑blocking vaccine candidate.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Distinct evolutionary regimes across domains of the Plasmodium falciparum CSP gene.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessing Microsatellite Variations in Plasmodium falciparum Following a Decade-Long Antimalaria Campaign in Kenya.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity and haplotype structure of theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Temporal changes in Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection across three areas of varying malaria transmission intensities in Uganda.Tropical medicine and health · 2024Article
- Article
- Network Profile: Improving Response to Malaria in the Amazon through Identification of Inter-Community Networks and Human Mobility in Border Regions of Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Temporal and spatial analysis of Plasmodium falciparum genomics reveals patterns of parasite connectivity in a low-transmission district in Southern Province, Zambia.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Molecular epidemiology of continuedFrontiers in tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Population genomics and evidence of clonal replacement of Plasmodium falciparum in the Peruvian Amazon.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The impact of indoor residual spraying on Plasmodium falciparum microsatellite variation in an area of high seasonal malaria transmission in Ghana, West Africa.Molecular ecology · 2021Article
- Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria: insights from microsatellite loci analysis.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Evolutionary analyses of the major variant surface antigen-encoding genes reveal population structure of Plasmodium falciparum within and between continents.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Article
- Monitoring Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax using microsatellite markers indicates limited changes in population structure after substantial transmission decline in Papua New Guinea.Molecular ecology · 2020Article
- Use of a Plasmodium vivax genetic barcode for genomic surveillance and parasite tracking in Sri Lanka.Malaria journal · 2020Article
- High Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in the Low-Transmission Setting of the Kingdom of Eswatini.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- IgG subclass responses to excreted-secreted antigens of Plasmodium falciparum in a low-transmission malaria area of the Peruvian Amazon.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- Quantifying connectivity between local Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite populations using identity by descent.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum entered into the Peruvian Amazon in 1994, sparking an epidemic between 1995 and 1998. Since 2000, there has been sustained low P. falciparum transmission. The Malaria Immunology and Genetics in the Amazon project has longitudinally followed members of the community of Zungarococha (N = 1,945, 4 villages) with active household and health center-based visits each year since 2003. We examined parasite population structure and traced the parasite genetic diversity temporally and spatially. We genotyped infections over 5 years (2003-2007) using 14 microsatellite (MS) markers scattered across ten different chromosomes. Despite low transmission, there was considerable genetic diversity, which we compared with other geographic regions. We detected 182 different haplotypes from 302 parasites in 217 infections. Structure v2.2 identified five clusters (subpopulations) of phylogenetically related clones. To consider genetic diversity on a more detailed level, we defined haplotype families (hapfams) by grouping haplotypes with three or less loci differences. We identified 34 different hapfams identified. The F(st) statistic and heterozygosity analysis showed the five clusters were maintained in each village throughout this time. A minimum spanning network (MSN), stratified by the year of detection, showed that haplotypes within hapfams had allele differences and haplotypes within a cluster definition were more separated in the later years (2006-2007). We modeled hapfam detection and loss, accounting for sample size and stochastic fluctuations in frequencies overtime. Principle component analysis of genetic variation revealed patterns of genetic structure with time rather than village. The population structure, genetic diversity, appearance/disappearance of the different haplotypes from 2003 to 2007 provides a genome-wide "real-time" perspective of P. falciparum parasites in a low transmission region.
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