ArticleBMC microbiology2010
Macrolide susceptibility and serotype specific macrolide resistance of invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Germany from 1992 to 2008.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Serotype distribution ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- The role of interspecies recombination in the evolution of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci.eLife · 2021Article
- Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes 9 and 14 Circulating in Brazil over a 23-Year Period Prior to Introduction of the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Role of International Clones in the Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance and Description of a Novel Genotype.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Article
- Emerging resistant serotypes of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae.Infection and drug resistance · 2016Article
- Pneumococcal meningitis and vaccine effects in the era of conjugate vaccination: results of 20 years of nationwide surveillance in Germany.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- [Prevention in the elderly: position paper on pneumococcal vaccinations. Results of an expert workshop on 15 November 2013 in Cologne, Germany].Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2014Article
- Reversibility of antibiotic resistance.Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2014Review
- The role of vaccination in preventing pneumococcal disease in adults.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2014Review
- Epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 6 isolates from IPD in children and adults in Germany.PloS one · 2013Article
- Macrolide resistance determinants among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from carriers in Central Greece.BMC infectious diseases · 2012Article
- Elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia: optimal treatment strategies.Drugs & aging · 2011Review
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundMacrolide resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae has been on a gradual increase in Germany for over a decade. The current study was undertaken against the background of the recent observation of declining macrolide resistance rates especially among German children. Nationwide surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease has been conducted in Germany since 1992. A population- and laboratory-based approach was used to collect data on invasive pneumococcal disease, and isolates sent to the National Reference Center for Streptococci by diagnostic microbiological laboratories from 1992 to 2008 were included in this study.
resultsFrom 1992 to 2008, data on macrolide susceptibility were available for 11,807 invasive isolates. 8,834 isolates (74.8%) were from adults (≥ 16 years), and 2,973 isolates (25.2%) from children (< 16 years). The overall nonsusceptibility rate of all isolates was 16.2% (intermediate, 0.2%; resistant, 16.0%). Higher resistance rates were observed among children (intermediate, 0.2%; resistant, 23.8%) than among adults (intermediate, 0.3%; resistant 13.4%). Maximum nonsusceptibility rates during the period under study were observed in 2005 (children: intermediate, 0.3%; resistant, 32.3%; adults: intermediate, 0.0%; resistant, 18.6%), while nonsusceptibility rates in 2008 were considerably lower, especially for children (children: intermediate, 0.0%; resistant, 15.2%; adults: intermediate, 0.1%; resistant, 12.9%). The rate of resistance was higher among the vaccine serotypes (7-valent, 36.6%; 10-valent, 28.2%; 13-valent, 24.3%) than among the non vaccine serotypes (non 7-valent, 6.5%; non 10-valent, 7.4%; non 13-valent, 6.3%). Serotype 14 (69.6% nonsusceptibility) proved to be the most resistant serotype.
conclusionsThere has been a considerable and statistically significant decrease in macrolide nonsusceptibility in Germany since 2005, especially among children.
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