Trial reportCancer causes & control : CCC2011
Nutritional supplements, COX-2 and IGF-1 expression in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer.
Trial report in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond supplements and surrogates: an evidence-quality map informs a strategic rebalancing of dietary research in prostate cancer active surveillance.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- What Is the Role of Nutraceutical Products in Cancer Patients? A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- The Anti-Cancer Activity of Lycopene: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Studies.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Fish-Derived Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.Integrative cancer therapies · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of green tea and lycopene on the insulin-like growth factor system: the ProDiet randomized controlled trial.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2019Trial
- A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lycopene-Rich Tomato Extract Among Men with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia.Nutrition and cancer · 2015Trial
- Low-fat diet with omega-3 fatty acids increases plasma insulin-like growth factor concentration in healthy postmenopausal women.Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2013Trial
- Phase II prospective randomized trial of a low-fat diet with fish oil supplementation in men undergoing radical prostatectomy.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Tomatoes: An Extensive Review of the Associated Health Impacts of Tomatoes and Factors That Can Affect Their Cultivation.Biology · 2022Review
- New Insights into Molecular Mechanism behind Anti-Cancer Activities of Lycopene.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Recent Progress in Discovering the Role of Carotenoids and Their Metabolites in Prostatic Physiology and Pathology with a Focus on Prostate Cancer-A Review-Part I: Molecular Mechanisms of Carotenoid Action.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Review
- A Scoping Review of Interactions between Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Genetic Variation in Relation to Cancer Risk.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Review
- Mechanisms of Phytonutrient Modulation of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Inflammation Related to Cancer.Nutrition and cancer · 2018Review
- Effect of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Prostate Cancer Progression.The Prostate · 2016Article
- Physical activity and prostate gene expression in men with low-risk prostate cancer.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2014Article
- Current evidence linking polyunsaturated Fatty acids with cancer risk and progression.Frontiers in oncology · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNutritional factors are associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer progression, yet mechanisms remain unclear. We examined the effects of lycopene and fish oil supplements versus placebo on the normal prostate microenvironment, among men pursuing active surveillance for low-burden prostate cancer. We hypothesized that lycopene or fish oil supplements would down-regulate insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) gene expression, respectively, reflecting putative proliferation (IGF-1) and inflammatory (COX-2) pathways relevant to carcinogenesis.
methodsWe conducted a 3-month randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial comparing prostate tissue gene expression profiles (assessed by qRT-PCR) among men with favorable-risk prostate cancer receiving either 30 mg/day lycopene, 3 g/day fish oil (including 1,098 mg eicosapentaenoic and 549 mg docosahexaenoic fatty acids) or placebo.
resultsAmong 69 men (22 assigned to lycopene, 21 to fish, and 26 to placebo), there was no difference in the change from baseline to the 3 months in IGF-1 expression level between the placebo and lycopene arms (p = 0.93) nor in COX-2 expression between the placebo and fish arms (p = 0.99).
conclusionCompared to placebo, 3-month intervention with lycopene or fish oil did not significantly change IGF-1 and COX-2 gene expression in the normal prostate microenvironment in men with low-burden prostate cancer. Further analysis of global gene expression profiles may shed light on the bioactivity and relevance of these nutrients in prostate cancer.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.