ArticlePloS one2010
Imaging immune surveillance of individual natural killer cells confined in microwell arrays.
Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- From single cell analysis to 3D micro physiological systems: microfluidic tools integrating cancer cell targets for delineating natural killer cell biology.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Review
- A thermoplastic chip for 2D and 3D correlative assays combining screening and high-resolution imaging of immune cell responses.Cell reports methods · 2025Article
- Review
- Droplet microfluidics for functional temporal analysis and cell recovery on demand using microvalves: application in immunotherapies for cancer.Lab on a chip · 2022Article
- Miniaturized and multiplexed high-content screening of drug and immune sensitivity in a multichambered microwell chip.Cell reports methods · 2022Article
- Directing CAR NK Cells via the Metabolic Incorporation of CAR Ligands into Malignant Cell Glycans.ACS chemical biology · 2022Article
- Hematopoietic progenitors polarize in contact with bone marrow stromal cells in response to SDF1.The Journal of cell biology · 2021Article
- Antibody Afucosylation Augments CD16-Mediated Serial Killing and IFNγ Secretion by Human Natural Killer Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Natural Killer (NK) Cell Expression of CD2 as a Predictor of Serial Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC).Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- NK cells switch from granzyme B to death receptor-mediated cytotoxicity during serial killing.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
- Advanced Materials and Devices for the Regulation and Study of NK Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Shedding of CD16 disassembles the NK cell immune synapse and boosts serial engagement of target cells.The Journal of cell biology · 2018Article
- Inflammation-on-a-Chip: Probing the Immune System Ex Vivo.Trends in biotechnology · 2018Review
- Single Degranulations in NK Cells Can Mediate Target Cell Killing.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Actin retrograde flow controls natural killer cell response by regulating the conformation state of SHP-1.The EMBO journal · 2018Article
- Quantitative profiling of innate immune activation by viral infection in single cells.Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro · 2017Article
- Dynamic Analysis of Human Natural Killer Cell Response at Single-Cell Resolution in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Dynamics of Natural Killer Cells Cytotoxicity in Microwell Arrays with Connecting Channels.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Big insights from small volumes: deciphering complex leukocyte behaviors using microfluidics.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2016Review
- Clonal expansion under the microscope: studying lymphocyte activation and differentiation using live-cell imaging.Immunology and cell biology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
New markers are constantly emerging that identify smaller and smaller subpopulations of immune cells. However, there is a growing awareness that even within very small populations, there is a marked functional heterogeneity and that measurements at the population level only gives an average estimate of the behaviour of that pool of cells. New techniques to analyze single immune cells over time are needed to overcome this limitation. For that purpose, we have designed and evaluated microwell array systems made from two materials, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silicon, for high-resolution imaging of individual natural killer (NK) cell responses. Both materials were suitable for short-term studies (<4 hours) but only silicon wells allowed long-term studies (several days). Time-lapse imaging of NK cell cytotoxicity in these microwell arrays revealed that roughly 30% of the target cells died much more rapidly than the rest upon NK cell encounter. This unexpected heterogeneity may reflect either separate mechanisms of killing or different killing efficiency by individual NK cells. Furthermore, we show that high-resolution imaging of inhibitory synapse formation, defined by clustering of MHC class I at the interface between NK and target cells, is possible in these microwells. We conclude that live cell imaging of NK-target cell interactions in multi-well microstructures are possible. The technique enables novel types of assays and allow data collection at a level of resolution not previously obtained. Furthermore, due to the large number of wells that can be simultaneously imaged, new statistical information is obtained that will lead to a better understanding of the function and regulation of the immune system at the single cell level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.