ArticleSleep2010
Motor unit recruitment in human genioglossus muscle in response to hypercapnia.
Article in Sleep, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of alcohol on genioglossus single motor units in men and women during wakefulness.Experimental physiology · 2023Trial
- Multimodal physiological correlates of dyspnea ratings during breath-holding in healthy humans.European journal of applied physiology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms underlying the prolonged activation of the genioglossus following arousal from sleep.Sleep · 2024Article
- Measurement and State-Dependent Modulation of Hypoglossal Motor Excitability and Responsivity In-Vivo.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Muscles of Breathing: Development, Function, and Patterns of Activation.Comprehensive Physiology · 2019Review
- Catecholaminergic A1/C1 neurons contribute to the maintenance of upper airway muscle tone but may not participate in NREM sleep-related depression of these muscles.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2017Article
- Mechanisms of the deep, slow-wave, sleep-related increase of upper airway muscle tone in healthy humans.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2017Article
- Neural Control of the Upper Airway: Respiratory and State-Dependent Mechanisms.Comprehensive Physiology · 2016Review
- Common drive to the upper airway muscle genioglossus during inspiratory loading.Journal of neurophysiology · 2015Article
- Phonation-related rate coding and recruitment in the genioglossus muscle.Experimental brain research · 2015Article
- Crossed motor innervation of the base of human tongue.Journal of neurophysiology · 2015Article
- A comprehensive assessment of genioglossus electromyographic activity in healthy adults.Journal of neurophysiology · 2015Article
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- Activation of upper airway muscles during breathing and swallowing.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2014Review
- Human hypoglossal motor unit activities in exercise.The Journal of physiology · 2013Article
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- Activities of human genioglossus motor units.Respiratory physiology & neurobiology · 2011Review
- Recruitment and rate-coding strategies of the human genioglossus muscle.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivessingle motor unit recordings of the genioglossus (GG) muscle indicate that GG motor units have a variety of discharge patterns, including units that have higher discharge rates during inspiration (inspiratory phasic and inspiratory tonic), or expiration (expiratory phasic and expiratory tonic), or do not modify their rate with respiration (tonic). Previous studies have shown that an increase in GG muscle activity is a consequence of increased activity in inspiratory units. However, there are differences between studies as to whether this increase is primarily due to recruitment of new motor units (motor unit recruitment) or to increased discharge rate of already active units (rate coding). Sleep-wake state studies in humans have suggested the former, while hypercapnia experiments in rats have suggested the latter. In this study, we investigated the effect of hypercapnia on GG motor unit activity in humans during wakefulness.
settingsleep research laboratory.
participantssixteen healthy men. MEASUREMENTS AND
resultseach participant was administered at least 6 trials with P(et)CO(2) being elevated 8.4 (SD = 1.96) mm Hg over 2 min following a 30-s baseline. Subjects were instrumented for GG EMG and respiratory measurements with 4 fine wire electrodes inserted subcutaneously into the muscle. One hundred forty-one motor units were identified during the baseline: 47% were inspiratory modulated, 29% expiratory modulated, and 24% showed no respiratory related modulation. Sixty-two new units were recruited during hypercapnia. The distribution of recruited units was significantly different from the baseline distribution, with 84% being inspiratory modulated (P < 0.001). Neither units active during baseline, nor new units recruited during hypercapnia, increased their discharge rate as P(et)CO(2) increased (P > 0.05 for all comparisons).
conclusionsincreased GG muscle activity in humans occurs because of recruitment of previously inactive inspiratory modulated units.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21102995PMC2954703W1514374179What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.