Trial reportBlood2011
Recovery of B-cell homeostasis after rituximab in chronic graft-versus-host disease.
Trial report in Blood, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolving Paradigms in Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease: From Global Immunosuppression to Precision Targeted and Cell-Based Therapies.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Pooled it
- B cell-activating factor modulates the factor VIII immune response in hemophilia A.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Trial
- B-cell activating factor (BAFF) plasma level at the time of chronic GvHD diagnosis is a potential predictor of non-relapse mortality.Bone marrow transplantation · 2017Trial
- Alteration of naïve and memory B-cell subset in chronic graft-versus-host disease patients after treatment with mesenchymal stromal cells.Stem cells translational medicine · 2014Trial
- Trial
- B cell depletion in immune thrombocytopenia reveals splenic long-lived plasma cells.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2013Trial
- The immunological phenotype of rituximab-sensitive chronic graft-versus-host disease: a phase II study.Haematologica · 2011Trial
- Expansion of peripheral helper T cells in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease.Annals of hematology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic efficacy of rituximab combined with cyclosporin A on B-cell dysregulation in chronic graft-versus-host disease.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Review
- Heightened TLR7 signaling primes BCR-activated B cells in chronic graft-versus-host disease for effector functions.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Single-cell landscape analysis unravels molecular programming of the human B cell compartment in chronic GVHD.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Hematopoietic stem cell-derived Tregs are essential for maintaining favorable B cell lymphopoiesis following posttransplant cyclophosphamide.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Reemergence of pathogenic, autoantibody-producing B cell clones in myasthenia gravis following B cell depletion therapy.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- CpG-Activated Regulatory B-Cell Progenitors Alleviate Murine Graft-Versus-Host-Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Project on Criteria for Clinical Trials in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease: IIb. The 2020 Preemptive Therapy Working Group Report.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2021Article
- Severe Liver Disorder Following Liver Transplantation in STING-Associated Vasculopathy with Onset in Infancy.Journal of clinical immunology · 2021Article
- National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Project on Criteria for Clinical Trials in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease: I. The 2020 Etiology and Prevention Working Group Report.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2021Review
- Article
- Nephrotic syndrome in syngeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Investigation of the effects of rituximab (anti-CD20) on B-cell-activating factor of the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) and B cells would better define the significance of B-cell homeostasis in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) pathophysiology. We studied 20 cGVHD patients at a median of 25 months after rituximab treatment when most patients had recovered total B-cell numbers. A total of 55% of patients had stable/improved cGVHD, and total B-cell numbers in these patients were significantly higher compared with rituximab-unresponsive patients. Although total B-cell number did not differ significantly between cGVHD groups before rituximab, there was a proportional increase in B-cell precursors in patients who later had stable/improved cGVHD. After rituximab, BAFF levels increased in all patients. Coincident with B-cell recovery in the stable/improved group, BAFF/B-cell ratios and CD27(+) B-cell frequencies decreased significantly. The peripheral B-cell pool in stable/improved cGVHD patients was largely composed of naive IgD(+) B cells. By contrast, rituximab-unresponsive cGVHD patients had persistent elevation of BAFF and a predominance of circulating B cells possessing an activated BAFF-R(Lo)CD20(Lo) cell surface phenotype. Thus, naive B-cell reconstitution and decreased BAFF/B-cell ratios were associated with clinical response after rituximab in cGVHD. Our findings begin to delineate B-cell homeostatic mechanisms important for human immune tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.