Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21094162›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular biology2011

Creating designed zinc-finger nucleases with minimal cytotoxicity.

Sivaprakash Ramalingam, Karthikeyan Kandavelou, Raja Rajenderan, Srinivasan Chandrasegaran

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Transcriptional Activation of Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in Filamentous Fungi.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Genome engineering and disease modelingWorld journal of stem cells · 2021
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Emerging therapies for mitochondrial disorders.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2016
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Chapter 3 - Restoring Vision to the Blind: Gene Therapy for Vision Loss.Translational vision science & technology · 2014
    Article
  14. Gene therapy using stem cells.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2014
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Design of a colicin E7 based chimeric zinc-finger nuclease.Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 2014
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sivaprakash RamalingamDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Karthikeyan Kandavelou
Raja Rajenderan
Srinivasan Chandrasegaran
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

DEVELOPING ZFN'S AS MOLECULAR TOOLS FOR TARGETED INTEGRATIONR01GM077291 · NIGMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI CHANDRASEGARAN, SRINIVASAN · 2007 to 2010
$1.4M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM077291NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM077291
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) have emerged as powerful tools for delivering a targeted genomic double-strand break (DSB) to either stimulate local homologous recombination with investigator-provided donor DNA or induce gene mutations at the site of cleavage in the absence of a donor by nonhomologous end joining both in plant cells and in mammalian cells, including human cells. ZFNs are formed by fusing zinc-finger proteins to the nonspecific cleavage domain of the FokI restriction enzyme. ZFN-mediated gene targeting yields high gene modification efficiencies (>10%) in a variety of cells and cell types by delivering a recombinogenic DSB to the targeted chromosomal locus, using two designed ZFNs. The mechanism of DSB by ZFNs requires (1) two ZFN monomers to bind to their adjacent cognate sites on DNA and (2) the FokI nuclease domains to dimerize to form the active catalytic center for the induction of the DSB. In the case of ZFNs fused to wild-type FokI cleavage domains, homodimers may also form; this could limit the efficacy and safety of ZFNs by inducing off-target cleavage. In this article, we report further refinements to obligate heterodimer variants of the FokI cleavage domain for the creation of custom ZFNs with minimal cellular toxicity. The efficacy and efficiency of the reengineered obligate heterodimer variants of the FokI cleavage domain were tested using the green fluorescent protein gene targeting reporter system. The three-finger and four-finger zinc-finger protein fusions to the REL_DKK pair among the newly generated FokI nuclease domain variants appear to eliminate or greatly reduce the toxicity of designer ZFNs to human cells.

Indexed as

DNA Breaks, Double-StrandedGene TargetingZinc FingersAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceDeoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-SpecificGenetic LociHEK293 CellsHumansMolecular Sequence DataProtein EngineeringProtein MultimerizationReceptors, CCR5Recombinant Fusion ProteinsDeoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specificendodeoxyribonuclease FokIReceptors, CCR5Recombinant Fusion Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21094162
PMCPMC3017627
OpenAlexW1966387945

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.