Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21093851›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2011

Mirtazapine alters cue-associated methamphetamine seeking in rats.

Steven M Graves, T Celeste Napier

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Mirtazapine decreased cocaine-inducedFrontiers in psychiatry · 2024
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Mirtazapine and ketanserin alter preference for gambling-like schedules of reinforcement in rats.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2017
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Role of cues and contexts on drug-seeking behaviour.British journal of pharmacology · 2014
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Steven M GravesDepartment of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. Steven_graves@rush.edu
T Celeste Napier
Rush University Medical Center · US

Funding

5-HT &Medication Development for Methamphetamine AbuseR01DA015760 · NIDA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI NAPIER, T. CELESTE · 2003 to 2007
$1.7M
Novel 5-HT treatments for METH post-addiction therapyR44DA016496 · NIDA · OMEROS CORPORATION · PI TEDFORD, CLARK E · 2005 to 2006
$784k
5HT receptors, neuronal plasticity, and methamphetamine-induced place perference.F31DA024923 · NIDA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI GRAVES, STEVEN MICHAEL · 2009 to 2011
$108k
Novel 5-HT treatments for METH post-addiction therapyR43DA016496 · NIDA · SOLENTIX BIOSCIENCES, INC. · PI TEDFORD, CLARK E · 2003 to 2003
$100k
NIDA NIH HHS DA015760NIDA NIH HHS DA016496NIDA NIH HHS DA024923NIDA NIH HHS F31 DA024923NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA015760NIDA NIH HHS R43 DA016496NIDA NIH HHS R44 DA016496
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMethamphetamine (METH) is a potent psychostimulant, repeated use of which can result in a substance abuse disorder. Withdrawn individuals are highly prone to relapse, which may be driven, at least in part, by a hyperresponsivity to METH-associated cues that can prompt METH-seeking. Clinically efficacious pharmacotherapies for METH abuse are critically needed. Mirtazapine (Remeron) is an atypical antidepressant that antagonizes activated norepinephrine(α)₂, histamine₁ serotonin (5-HT)₂(A/C), and 5-HT₃ receptors. This pharmacologic profile prompted our interest in its potential for preventing relapse to METH-taking. This study tested the hypothesis that mirtazapine would attenuate METH-seeking in rats trained to self-administer METH.

methodsRats were trained to self-administer METH in a lever-pressing operant task. The effect of mirtazapine on METH-seeking was determined by evaluating lever pressing in the presence of cues previously associated with METH, but in the absence of METH reinforcement. Two paradigms were used: cue reactivity, wherein rats do not undergo extinction training, and a cue-induced reinstatement paradigm after extinction.

resultsMirtazapine (5.0 mg/kg) pretreatment reduced METH-seeking by ∼ 50% in the first 15 min of cue reactivity and cue-induced reinstatement testing. This mirtazapine dose did not significantly affect motor performance.

conclusionsThis study revealed the overlapping nature of cue reactivity and cue-induced reinstatement procedures and provided preclinical evidence that mirtazapine can attenuate METH-seeking behavior.

Indexed as

CuesAnimalsAntidepressive Agents, TricyclicDrug InteractionsDrug-Seeking BehaviorExtinction, PsychologicalMaleMethamphetamineMianserinMirtazapineMotor ActivityRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySelf AdministrationAntidepressive Agents, TricyclicMethamphetamineMianserinMirtazapine

Identifiers

PMID21093851
PMCPMC3015001
OpenAlexW1983976011

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.