ArticleRNA (New York, N.Y.)2011
From alpaca to zebrafish: hammerhead ribozymes wherever you look.
Article in RNA (New York, N.Y.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structure and mechanism of HDV ribozymes revealing Lewis acid catalysis by a metal ion.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hammerhead Ribozymes: Structural Insights, Catalytic Mechanisms, and Cutting-Edge Applications in Synthetic Biology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Enhanced hammerhead ribozyme turnover rates: Reevaluating therapeutic space for small catalytic RNAs.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Hammerhead ribozymes directed against mRNA of an essential gene inhibitFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
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- Viroids, Satellite RNAs and Prions: Folding of Nucleic Acids and Misfolding of Proteins.Viruses · 2024Article
- A scenario for the emergence of protoviroids in the RNA world and for their further evolution into viroids and viroid-like RNAs by modular recombinations and mutations.Virus evolution · 2022Review
- Satellite-Like W-Elements: Repetitive, Transcribed, and Putative Mobile Genetic Factors with Potential Roles for Biology and Evolution of Schistosoma mansoni.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- A Singular and Widespread Group of Mobile Genetic Elements: RNA Circles with Autocatalytic Ribozymes.Cells · 2020Review
- Small circRNAs with self-cleaving ribozymes are highly expressed in diverse metazoan transcriptomes.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- Single Mutation in Hammerhead Ribozyme Favors Cleavage Activity with Manganese over Magnesium.Non-coding RNA · 2020Article
- Novel ribozymes: discovery, catalytic mechanisms, and the quest to understand biological function.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
- Article
- Viroid research and its significance for RNA technology and basic biochemistry.Nucleic acids research · 2018Review
- Highly motif- and organism-dependent effects of naturally occurring hammerhead ribozyme sequences on gene expression.RNA biology · 2018Article
- Numerous small hammerhead ribozyme variants associated with Penelope-like retrotransposons cleave RNA as dimers.RNA biology · 2017Article
- Circular RNAs with hammerhead ribozymes encoded in eukaryotic genomes: The enemy at home.RNA biology · 2017Article
- The Hammerhead Ribozyme: A Long History for a Short RNA.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- The Importance of ncRNAs as Epigenetic Mechanisms in Phenotypic Variation and Organic Evolution.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- Retrozymes are a unique family of non-autonomous retrotransposons with hammerhead ribozymes that propagate in plants through circular RNAs.Genome biology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The hammerhead ribozyme was originally discovered in subviral plant pathogens and was subsequently also found in a few other genomic locations. Using a secondary structure-based descriptor, we have searched publicly accessible sequence databases for new examples of type III hammerhead ribozymes. The more than 60,000 entries fulfilling the descriptor were filtered with respect to folding and stability parameters that were experimentally validated. This resulted in a set of 284 unique motifs, of which 124 represent database entries of known hammerhead ribozymes from subviral plant pathogens and A. thaliana. The remainder are 160 novel ribozyme candidates in 50 different eukaryotic genomes. With a few exceptions, the ribozymes were found either in repetitive DNA sequences or in introns of protein coding genes. Our data, which is complementary to a study by De la Peña and García-Robles in 2010, indicate that the hammerhead is the most abundant small endonucleolytic ribozyme, which, in view of no sequence conservation beyond the essential nucleotides, likely has evolved independently in different organisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.