Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21079807›Full record

ArticlePloS one2010

BK channels mediate cholinergic inhibition of high frequency cochlear hair cells.

Eric Wersinger, Will J McLean, Paul A Fuchs, Sonja J Pyott

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Efferent Inhibition of Hair Cells: Past, Present and Future.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2026
    Review
  3. Efferent Inhibition of Hair Cells: Past, Present and Future.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Co-release of GABA and ACh from Medial Olivocochlear Neurons as a Fine Regulatory Mechanism of Cochlear Efferent Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. GABAergic synapses between auditory efferent neurons and type II spiral ganglion afferent neurons in the mouse cochlea.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Functional Postnatal Maturation of the Medial Olivocochlear Efferent-Outer Hair Cell Synapse.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Synaptic Inhibition of Medial Olivocochlear Efferent Neurons by Neurons of the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eric WersingerDepartment of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Hearing and Balance, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
Will J McLean
Paul A Fuchs
Sonja J Pyott
Johns Hopkins University · USUniversity of North Carolina Wilmington · US

Funding

THE CHOLINERGIC RESPONSE OF COCHLEAR HAIR CELLSR01DC001508 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Amanda M. Lauer · 1992 to 2026
$13.2M
The Histology CoreP30DC005211 · NIDCD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI YOUNG, ERIC DANIEL · 2002 to 2016
$9.1M
NIDCD NIH HHS P30 DC005211NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC001508
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOuter hair cells are the specialized sensory cells that empower the mammalian hearing organ, the cochlea, with its remarkable sensitivity and frequency selectivity. Sound-evoked receptor potentials in outer hair cells are shaped by both voltage-gated K(+) channels that control the membrane potential and also ligand-gated K(+) channels involved in the cholinergic efferent modulation of the membrane potential. The objectives of this study were to investigate the tonotopic contribution of BK channels to voltage- and ligand-gated currents in mature outer hair cells from the rat cochlea. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL: Findings In this work we used patch clamp electrophysiology and immunofluorescence in tonotopically defined segments of the rat cochlea to determine the contribution of BK channels to voltage- and ligand-gated currents in outer hair cells. Although voltage and ligand-gated currents have been investigated previously in hair cells from the rat cochlea, little is known about their tonotopic distribution or potential contribution to efferent inhibition. We found that apical (low frequency) outer hair cells had no BK channel immunoreactivity and little or no BK current. In marked contrast, basal (high frequency) outer hair cells had abundant BK channel immunoreactivity and BK currents contributed significantly to both voltage-gated and ACh-evoked K(+) currents. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings suggest that basal (high frequency) outer hair cells may employ an alternative mechanism of efferent inhibition mediated by BK channels instead of SK2 channels. Thus, efferent synapses may use different mechanisms of action both developmentally and tonotopically to support high frequency audition. High frequency audition has required various functional specializations of the mammalian cochlea, and as shown in our work, may include the utilization of BK channels at efferent synapses. This mechanism of efferent inhibition may be related to the unique acetylcholine receptors that have evolved in mammalian hair cells compared to those of other vertebrates.

Indexed as

AcetylcholineAnimalsApaminCharybdotoxinCholinergic AgentsCochleaHair Cells, AuditoryHair Cells, Auditory, OuterImmunohistochemistryLarge-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium ChannelsMembrane PotentialsMiceMice, KnockoutNeurons, EfferentPatch-Clamp TechniquesPeptidesAcetylcholineApaminCharybdotoxinCholinergic AgentsiberiotoxinLarge-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium ChannelsPeptides

Identifiers

PMID21079807
PMCPMC2973960
OpenAlexW2073547426

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.