ArticlePLoS pathogens2010
Co-ordinated role of TLR3, RIG-I and MDA5 in the innate response to rhinovirus in bronchial epithelium.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 185 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
185 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 311 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rhinovirus-Induced Cytokine Alterations With Potential Implications in Asthma Exacerbations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Lower viral loads in subjects with rhinovirus-challenged allergy despite reduced innate immunity.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Rhinovirus-induced CCL17 and CCL22 in Asthma Exacerbations and Differential Regulation by STAT6.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2021Trial
- Decreased expression of type I (IFN-β) and type III (IFN-λ) interferons and interferon-stimulated genes in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Bronchial mucosal IFN-α/β and pattern recognition receptor expression in patients with experimental rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Trial
- Virus-triggered exacerbation in allergic asthmatic children: neutrophilic airway inflammation and alteration of virus sensors characterize a subgroup of patients.Respiratory research · 2017Trial
- Increased respiratory pathogen positivity and diversity in hospitalized children following the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia.New microbes and new infections · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Nanocarrier Platforms for RNA Vaccines: Advances in Formulation, Stability Engineering, and Translational Manufacturing Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- The rhinovirus puzzle: Linking virus and host factors to childhood asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Broad-spectrum host-targeting antivirals for rhinovirus infections: mechanisms and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immune Training of the Interleukin 6 Gene in Airway Epithelial Cells is Central to Asthma Exacerbations.Allergy · 2026Article
- The Common Cold Is Associated With Protection From SARS-CoV-2 Infections.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 increases rhinovirus-induced interferon β expression in human airway epithelial cells through a CaBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Monkeypox virus spreads from cell-to-cell and leads to neuronal death in human neural organoids.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A review of recent advances in gene therapy, pharmacogenomics, and genetic polymorphisms in asthma.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Hidden in plain sight: the impact of human rhinovirus infection in adults.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- Aging shapes infection profiles of influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 in human precision-cut lung slices.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Sensing danger in the islet: the roles of pattern recognition receptors in β cells and type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
125 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The relative roles of the endosomal TLR3/7/8 versus the intracellular RNA helicases RIG-I and MDA5 in viral infection is much debated. We investigated the roles of each pattern recognition receptor in rhinovirus infection using primary bronchial epithelial cells. TLR3 was constitutively expressed; however, RIG-I and MDA5 were inducible by 8-12 h following rhinovirus infection. Bronchial epithelial tissue from normal volunteers challenged with rhinovirus in vivo exhibited low levels of RIG-I and MDA5 that were increased at day 4 post infection. Inhibition of TLR3, RIG-I and MDA5 by siRNA reduced innate cytokine mRNA, and increased rhinovirus replication. Inhibition of TLR3 and TRIF using siRNA reduced rhinovirus induced RNA helicases. Furthermore, IFNAR1 deficient mice exhibited RIG-I and MDA5 induction early during RV1B infection in an interferon independent manner. Hence anti-viral defense within bronchial epithelium requires co-ordinated recognition of rhinovirus infection, initially via TLR3/TRIF and later via inducible RNA helicases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.