Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21078671›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2011

MyoD directly up-regulates premyogenic mesoderm factors during induction of skeletal myogenesis in stem cells.

Peter J Gianakopoulos, Virja Mehta, Anastassia Voronova, Yi Cao, Zizhen Yao, Josée Coutu, Xiaonan Wang, Michelle S Waddington, Stephen J Tapscott, Ilona S Skerjanc

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Hemizygous mutation ofAmerican journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Peter J GianakopoulosDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada.
Virja Mehta
Anastassia Voronova
Yi Cao
Zizhen Yao
Josée Coutu
Xiaonan Wang
Michelle S Waddington
Stephen J Tapscott
Ilona S Skerjanc
University of Ottawa · CAFred Hutch Cancer Center · USWestern University · CA

Funding

LINEAGE DETERMINATION IN MUSCLER01AR045113 · NIAMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI TAPSCOTT, STEPHEN J · 1998 to 2017
$6.8M
CIHR MOP-84458NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR045113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gain- and loss-of-function experiments have illustrated that the family of myogenic regulatory factors is necessary and sufficient for the formation of skeletal muscle. Furthermore, MyoD required cellular aggregation to induce myogenesis in P19 embryonal carcinoma stem cells. To determine the mechanism by which stem cells can be directed into skeletal muscle, a time course of P19 cell differentiation was examined in the presence and absence of exogenous MyoD. By quantitative PCR, the first MyoD up-regulated transcripts were the premyogenic mesoderm factors Meox1, Pax7, Six1, and Eya2 on day 4 of differentiation. Subsequently, the myoblast markers myogenin, MEF2C, and Myf5 were up-regulated, leading to skeletal myogenesis. These results were corroborated by Western blot analysis, showing up-regulation of Pax3, Six1, and MEF2C proteins, prior to myogenin protein expression. To determine at what stage a dominant-negative MyoD/EnR mutant could inhibit myogenesis, stable cell lines were created and examined. Interestingly, the premyogenic mesoderm factors, Meox1, Pax3/7, Six1, Eya2, and Foxc1, were down-regulated, and as expected, skeletal myogenesis was abolished. Finally, to identify direct targets of MyoD in this system, chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments were performed. MyoD was observed associated with regulatory regions of Meox1, Pax3/7, Six1, Eya2, and myogenin genes. Taken together, MyoD directs stem cells into the skeletal muscle lineage by binding and activating the expression of premyogenic mesoderm genes, prior to activating myoblast genes.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntigens, DifferentiationCell DifferentiationCell Line, TumorDown-RegulationHomeodomain ProteinsMiceMuscle DevelopmentMuscle, SkeletalMutationMyoblasts, SkeletalMyoD ProteinStem CellsUp-RegulationAntigens, DifferentiationHomeodomain ProteinsMyoD1 myogenic differentiation proteinMyoD Protein

Identifiers

PMID21078671
PMCPMC3024746
OpenAlexW2029660372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.