ReviewGastroenterology2011
Immunologic basis of graft rejection and tolerance following transplantation of liver or other solid organs.
Review in Gastroenterology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 232 citations in OpenAlex.
- Belatacept-based immunosuppression in de novo liver transplant recipients: 1-year experience from a phase II randomized study.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2014Trial
- Intra-graft expression of genes involved in iron homeostasis predicts the development of operational tolerance in human liver transplantation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2012Trial
- Advances in stimuli-responsive hydrogels for liver disease therapy: mechanisms, applications, and translational perspectives.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Liver Transplantation Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: What Do We Need to Know from Clinical and Immunological Perspective?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Postoperative Outcomes and Risk Profiles in Dual Liver-Lung Transplantation: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.Journal of transplantation · 2026Article
- Integrated transcriptomic profiling of programmed cell death patterns unveils macrophage-hepatocyte crosstalk via THBS1-CD47 axis in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Beyond rejection: engineering immune responses to redefine skin graft survival.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal transplant-associated T cells and myeloid cells in human liver transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Assessment of Donor-Specific Human Leukocyte Antigen Antibodies Following Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Predictors, Protectors, and Clinical Relevance.Clinical transplantation · 2025Article
- Setdb1 ablation in macrophages attenuates fibrosis in heart allografts.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Immune profiling of kidney transplant recipients: the role of Tribbles-1, Perforin, and Granzyme B in chronic humoral rejection.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Targeting Setdb1 in T cells induces transplant tolerance without compromising antitumor immunity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Allograft tolerance after adult living donor liver transplantation: a case-control study.BMC surgery · 2025Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structure drives allograft rejection via IFN-γ-JAK-STAT-dependent atypical memory B cell differentiation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Advancing immunosuppression in liver transplantation: the role of regulatory T cells in immune modulation and graft tolerance.Clinical transplantation and research · 2024Review
- Interleukin 6 and interleukin 17A serum levels and gene- polymorphisms in the development of early allograft rejection in living donor liver transplant recipients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dynamic immune recovery process after liver transplantation revealed by single-cell multi-omics analysis.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2024Article
- Spatially resolved immune exhaustion within the alloreactive microenvironment predicts liver transplant rejection.Science advances · 2024Article
- Distinct Changes in Gut Microbiota of Patients With Kidney Graft Rejection.Transplantation direct · 2024Article
- Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant.Reviews on recent clinical trials · 2024Review
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Transplantation of organs between genetically different individuals of the same species causes a T cell-mediated immune response that, if left unchecked, results in rejection and graft destruction. The potency of the alloimmune response is determined by the antigenic disparity that usually exists between donors and recipients and by intragraft expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the early period after transplantation. Studies in animal models have identified many molecules that, when targeted, inhibit T-cell activation. In addition, some of these studies have shown that certain immunologic interventions induce transplantation tolerance, a state in which the allograft is specifically accepted without the need for chronic immunosuppression. Tolerance is an important aspect of liver transplantation, because livers have a unique microenvironment that promotes tolerance rather than immunity. In contrast to the progress achieved in inducing tolerance in animal models, patients who receive transplanted organs still require nonspecific immunosuppressant drugs. The development of calcineurin inhibitors has reduced the acute rejection rate and improved short-term, but not long-term, graft survival. However, long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs leads to nephrotoxicity and metabolic disorders, as well as manifestations of overimmunosuppression such as opportunistic infections and cancers. The status of pharmacologic immunosuppression in the clinic is therefore not ideal. We review recently developed therapeutic strategies to promote tolerance to transplanted livers and other organs and diagnostic tools that might be used to identify patients most likely to accept or reject allografts.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.