Trial reportPLoS neglected tropical diseases2010
Trachoma prevalence and associated risk factors in the gambia and Tanzania: baseline results of a cluster randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00792922 (Research to Programs for Trachoma Elimination), which is not on this map. Cited by 69 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Research to Programs for Trachoma Elimination: Antibiotic Trial
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of active trachoma among children of 1 to 9 years in low-income countries of Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and associated factors of active trachoma among children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Antibiotics for trachoma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Socioeconomic Inequalities in Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Systematic Review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Pooled it
- Effect of water, sanitation, and hygiene on the prevention of trachoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2014Pooled it
- The prevention and management of postoperative trachomatous trichiasis: A systematic review.Survey of ophthalmologyPooled it
- Trial
- Community Hand-Dug Wells for Trachoma: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Trial
- Frequency of Mass Azithromycin Distribution for Ocular Chlamydia in a Trachoma Endemic Region of Ethiopia: A Cluster Randomized Trial.American journal of ophthalmology · 2020Trial
- Community-level Association between Clinical Trachoma and Ocular Chlamydia Infection after MASS Azithromycin Distribution in a Mesoendemic Region of Niger.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2019Trial
- Surveillance and Azithromycin Treatment for Newcomers and Travelers Evaluation (ASANTE) Trial: Design and Baseline Characteristics.Ophthalmic epidemiology · 2016Trial
- Oral azithromycin given during labour decreases bacterial carriage in the mothers and their offspring: a double-blind randomized trial.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2016Trial
- Prevention of bacterial infections in the newborn by pre-delivery administration of azithromycin: Study protocol of a randomized efficacy trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Trial
- Anthropometric indices of Gambian children after one or three annual rounds of mass drug administration with azithromycin for trachoma control.BMC public health · 2014Trial
- Importance of including borderline cases in trachoma grader certification.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2014Trial
- Mass administration of azithromycin and Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage: cross-sectional surveys in the Gambia.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2014Trial
- The efficacy of oral azithromycin in clearing ocular chlamydia: mathematical modeling from a community-randomized trachoma trial.Epidemics · 2014Trial
- Can we stop mass drug administration prior to 3 annual rounds in communities with low prevalence of trachoma?: PRET Ziada trial results.JAMA ophthalmology · 2013Trial
- Association between ocular bacterial carriage and follicular trachoma following mass azithromycin distribution in The Gambia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2013Trial
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBlinding trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, is targeted for global elimination by 2020. Knowledge of risk factors can help target control interventions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsAs part of a cluster randomised controlled trial, we assessed the baseline prevalence of, and risk factors for, active trachoma and ocular C. trachomatis infection in randomly selected children aged 0-5 years from 48 Gambian and 36 Tanzanian communities. Both children's eyes were examined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) simplified grading system, and an ocular swab was taken from each child's right eye and processed by Amplicor polymerase chain reaction to test for the presence of C. trachomatis DNA. Prevalence of active trachoma was 6.7% (335/5033) in The Gambia and 32.3% (1008/3122) in Tanzania. The countries' corresponding Amplicor positive prevalences were 0.8% and 21.9%. After adjustment, risk factors for follicular trachoma (TF) in both countries were ocular or nasal discharge, a low level of household head education, and being aged ≥ 1 year. Additional risk factors in Tanzania were flies on the child's face, being Amplicor positive, and crowding (the number of children per household). The risk factors for being Amplicor positive in Tanzania were similar to those for TF, with the exclusion of flies and crowding. In The Gambia, only ocular discharge was associated with being Amplicor positive. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results indicate that although the prevalence of active trachoma and Amplicor positives were very different between the two countries, the risk factors for active trachoma were similar but those for being Amplicor positive were different. The lack of an association between being Amplicor positive and TF in The Gambia highlights the poor correlation between the presence of trachoma clinical signs and evidence of C. trachomatis infection in this setting. Only ocular discharge was associated with evidence of C. trachomatis DNA in The Gambia, suggesting that at this low endemicity, this may be the most important risk factor.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00792922.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.