Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21071078›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials2011

Hydrogels with time-dependent material properties enhance cardiomyocyte differentiation in vitro.

Jennifer L Young, Adam J Engler

Abstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 158 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
158citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
21.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

158 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 353 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Complementary biomolecular coassemblies direct energy transport for cardiac photostimulators.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jennifer L YoungDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Adam J Engler
University of California, San Diego · US

Funding

"Smart" Materials to Engineer a More Complete Stem Cell NicheDP2OD006460 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ENGLER, ADAM J · 2009 to 2009
$2.3M
Stem Cells and Dynamic Materials Improve Cardiac Function Post-mycardial InfarctiR21HL106529 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ENGLER, ADAM J · 2011 to 2012
$426k
NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL106529NIH HHS 1DP02OD006460NIH HHS DP2 OD006460
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tissue-specific elastic modulus (E), or 'stiffness,' arises from developmental changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) and suggests that progenitor cell differentiation may be optimal when physical conditions mimic tissue progression. For cardiomyocytes, maturing from mesoderm to adult myocardium results in a 9-fold stiffening originating in part from a change in collagen expression and localization. To mimic this temporal stiffness change in vitro, thiolated-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels were crosslinked with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, and their dynamics were modulated by changing crosslinker molecular weight. With the hydrogel appropriately tuned to stiffen as heart muscle does during development, pre-cardiac cells grown on collagen-coated HA hydrogels exhibit a 3-fold increase in mature cardiac specific markers and form up to 60% more maturing muscle fibers than they do when grown on compliant but static polyacrylamide hydrogels over 2 weeks. Though ester hydrolysis does not substantially alter hydrogel stiffening over 2 weeks in vitro, model predictions indicate that ester hydrolysis will eventually degrade the material with additional time, implying that this hydrogel may be appropriate for in vivo applications where temporally changing material properties enhance cell maturation prior to its replacement with host tissue.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiocompatible MaterialsBiomarkersCell DifferentiationCells, CulturedChick EmbryoCross-Linking ReagentsElastic ModulusExtracellular MatrixHyaluronic AcidHydrogelsMaterials TestingMolecular StructureMolecular WeightMyocytes, CardiacPolyethylene GlycolsBiocompatible MaterialsBiomarkersCross-Linking ReagentsHyaluronic AcidHydrogelspoly(ethylene glycol)diacrylatePolyethylene Glycols

Identifiers

PMID21071078
PMCPMC3000555
OpenAlexW2058657693

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.