SynthesisEuropean journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)2011
Parity, early menopause and the incidence of bladder cancer in women: a case-control study and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Gender-specific differences in outcome and survival in early cystectomy : Systematic review].Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of diabetes mellitus on survival in patients with gallbladder Cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2020Pooled it
- Diabetes mellitus and the risk of bladder cancer: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of cohort studies.Medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Parity and bladder cancer risk: a dose-response meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2017Pooled it
- The impact of female gender on bladder cancer-specific death risk after radical cystectomy: a meta-analysis of 27,912 patients.International urology and nephrology · 2015Pooled it
- Cardamomin Inhibits the Proliferation and Tumorigenesis of Bladder Cancer by ESR1 in PI3K/AKT Pathway.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Association of dietary preferences with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI): a mendelian randomization-based analysis.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Review
- Single-cell profiling of murine bladder cancer identifies sex-specific transcriptional signatures with prognostic relevance.iScience · 2023Article
- Urobiome in Gender-Related Diversities of Bladder Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and bladder cancer risk among postmenopausal women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2020Article
- Association of Combined Estrogen-Progestogen and Progestogen-Only Contraceptives with the Development of Cancer.The Linacre quarterly · 2018Review
- The dog as an animal model for bladder and urethral urothelial carcinoma: Comparative epidemiology and histology.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- Oral Contraceptive Use and Risks of Cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Differential expression of cytokeratin 14 and 18 in bladder cancer tumorigenesis.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2018Article
- Estrogen Replacement Reduces Risk and Increases Survival Times of Women With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2017Article
- Parity, Age at First Birth, and Risk of Death from Bladder Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Increased incidence of bladder cancer, lymphoid leukaemia, and myeloma in a cohort of Queensland melanoma families.Familial cancer · 2016Article
- Estrogen receptor alpha prevents bladder cancer via INPP4B inhibited akt pathway in vitro and in vivo.Oncotarget · 2014Article
- Fruit and vegetable intakes are associated with lower risk of bladder cancer among women in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIncidence rates of bladder cancer are notably higher in men than in women. While there is evidence that reproductive and hormonal risk factors may influence risk of bladder cancer, data are inconclusive. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe examined reproductive, menstrual and hormonal use history in our population-based case-control study of bladder cancer in New Hampshire (NH), USA (n=207 women cases and n=463 women controls). Additionally, we performed a meta-analysis of the published literature. We used unconditional logistic regression analysis to compute adjusted odds ratios associated with each risk factor in the NH study. We combined these estimates with those from the published literature using inverse variance effects models.
resultsIn the NH study, a slightly decreased odds ratio was found among women who had ever had a birth compared to nulliparous women and an elevated odds ratio among women who underwent surgical menopause (bilateral oophorectomy), especially at an early age. No overall associations were found with oral contraceptive use or hormone replacement therapy. These findings were generally in agreement with the meta-analytic results for which the combined relative risk (RR) estimate was reduced among ever parous women (combined RR estimate for ever parous versus nulliparous=0.66, 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 0.55-0.79) and elevated among those undergoing an early menopause (combined RR estimate for early versus late menopause=1.59, 95% CI 1.31-1.92). No consistent risk was observed for the other factors. DISCUSSION: Some reproductive and menstrual factors appear to be related to the incidence of bladder cancer among women; but whether effects are due to female hormones is uncertain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.