Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21067369›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2010

Dynamic coinfection with multiple viral subtypes in acute hepatitis C.

Jennifer A Smith, Judith H Aberle, Vicki M Fleming, Peter Ferenci, Emma C Thomson, Peter Karayiannis, Angela R McLean, Heidemarie Holzmann, Paul Klenerman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  6. Review
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  17. Vertical transmission of hepatitis C virus: a tale of multiple outcomes.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2013
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jennifer A SmithInstitute for Emerging Infections, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Judith H Aberle
Vicki M Fleming
Peter Ferenci
Emma C Thomson
Peter Karayiannis
Angela R McLean
Heidemarie Holzmann
Paul Klenerman

Funding

Virology CoreU19AI082630 · NIAID · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI RAYMOND T CHUNG, GEORG Michael LAUER · 2009 to 2026
$48.1M
Medical Research CouncilNIAID NIH HHS U19 AI082630Wellcome Trust 091663
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAcute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is rarely studied, but virus sequence evolution and host-virus dynamics during this early stage may influence the outcome of infection. Hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) is genetically diverse and under selective pressure from the host immune response. We analyzed HVR1 evolution by frequent sampling of an acutely infected HCV cohort.

methodsThree or more pretreatment samples were obtained from each of 10 acutely infected subjects. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed with multiple primer combinations to identify the full range of sequences present. Positive samples were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses were used to assess viral diversity.

resultsEight of the 10 subjects were coinfected with at least 2 HCV subtypes. Multiple subtypes were detected in individual samples, and their relative proportions changed through acute infection. The subjects with the most complex subtype structure also had a dynamic viral load; however, changes in viral load were not directly linked to changes in subtype.

conclusionsThis well-sampled cohort with acute HCV infection was characterized by dynamic coinfection with multiple viral subtypes, representing a highly complex virologic landscape extremely early in infection.

Indexed as

Host-Pathogen InteractionsPolymorphism, GeneticAdolescentAdultAustriaCloning, MolecularFemaleGenotypeHepacivirusHepatitis CHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedMolecular Sequence DataReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionE1 protein, Hepatitis C virusglycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virusRNA, ViralViral Envelope Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21067369
PMCPMC3107554

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.