Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21062825›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2011

Efficient and specific knockdown of small non-coding RNAs in mammalian cells and in mice.

Xue-hai Liang, Timothy A Vickers, Shuling Guo, Stanley T Crooke

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The Versatile Applications of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Modern Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  2. eLife · 2026
    Article
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  18. Functional diversity of small nucleolar RNAs.Nucleic acids research · 2020
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xue-hai LiangDepartment of Core Antisense Research, ISIS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 1896 Rutherford Rd. Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA. lliang@isisph.com
Timothy A Vickers
Shuling Guo
Stanley T Crooke
Ionis Pharmaceuticals (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hundreds of small nuclear non-coding RNAs, including small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), have been identified in different organisms, with important implications in regulating gene expression and in human diseases. However, functionalizing these nuclear RNAs in mammalian cells remains challenging, due to methodological difficulties in depleting these RNAs, especially snoRNAs. Here we report a convenient and efficient approach to deplete snoRNA, small Cajal body RNA (scaRNA) and small nuclear RNA in human and mouse cells by conventional transfection of chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that promote RNaseH-mediated cleavage of target RNAs. The levels of all seven tested snoRNA/scaRNAs and four snRNAs were reduced by 80-95%, accompanied by impaired endogenous functions of the target RNAs. ASO-targeting is highly specific, without affecting expression of the host genes where snoRNAs are embedded in the introns, nor affecting the levels of snoRNA isoforms with high sequence similarities. At least five snoRNAs could be depleted simultaneously. Importantly, snoRNAs could be dramatically depleted in mice by systematic administration of the ASOs. Together, our findings provide a convenient and efficient approach to characterize nuclear non-coding RNAs in mammalian cells, and to develop antisense drugs against disease-causing non-coding RNAs.

Indexed as

Gene Knockdown TechniquesOligonucleotides, AntisenseAnimalsBase SequenceCell LineCell NucleusHeLa CellsHumansMiceMolecular Sequence DataRNA, RibosomalRNA, Small NuclearRNA, Small NucleolarTransfectionOligonucleotides, AntisenseRNA, RibosomalRNA, Small NuclearRNA, Small Nucleolar

Identifiers

PMID21062825
PMCPMC3035437
OpenAlexW2039742014

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.