ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2010
TLR9 is actively recruited to Aspergillus fumigatus phagosomes and requires the N-terminal proteolytic cleavage domain for proper intracellular trafficking.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the ICU: the corticosteroid link.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2026Review
- Candida albicans extracellular vesicles trigger type I IFN signalling via cGAS and STING.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Pulmonary Fibrosis and Hypereosinophilia in TLR9Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Host cell membrane microdomains and fungal infection.Cellular microbiology · 2021Review
- The role of Toll-like receptor 9 in a murine model of Cryptococcus gattii infection.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Experimental Models of Infectious Pulmonary Complications Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Review
- DNA Sensing in the Innate Immune Response.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Review
- Intracellular PRRs Activation in Targeting the Immune Response Against Fungal Infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis in 2019.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2019Review
- CD82 controls CpG-dependent TLR9 signaling.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
- Fungal ligands released by innate immune effectors promote inflammasome activation during Aspergillus fumigatus infection.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
- Fungal Pathogens in CF Airways: Leave or Treat?Mycopathologia · 2018Review
- Article
- Aspergillosis and stem cell transplantation: An overview of experimental pathogenesis studies.Virulence · 2016Review
- Complex Negative Regulation of TLR9 by Multiple Proteolytic Cleavage Events.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- CD103+ Conventional Dendritic Cells Are Critical for TLR7/9-Dependent Host Defense against Histoplasma capsulatum, an Endemic Fungal Pathogen of Humans.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- The Role of Autophagy-Related Proteins in Candida albicans Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Dectin-1 Controls TLR9 Trafficking to Phagosomes Containing β-1,3 Glucan.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
TLR9 recognizes unmethylated CpG DNA and induces innate immune responses. TLR9 activation is a multistep process requiring proteolytic cleavage and trafficking to endolysosomal compartments for ligand-induced signaling. However, the rules that govern the dynamic subcellular trafficking for TLR9 after pathogen uptake have not been established. In this study, we demonstrate that uptake of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia induced drastic spatial redistribution of TLR9 to the phagosomal membrane of A. fumigatus-containing phagosomes but not to bead-containing phagosomes in murine macrophages. Specific TLR9 recruitment to the fungal phagosome was consistent using A. fumigatus spores at different germination stages and selected mutants affecting the display of Ags on the fungal cell surface. Spatiotemporal regulation of TLR9 compartmentalization to the A. fumigatus phagosome was independent of TLR2, TLR4, and downstream TLR signaling. Our data demonstrate that the TLR9 N-terminal proteolytic cleavage domain was critical for successful intracellular trafficking and accumulation of TLR9 in CpG-containing compartments and A. fumigatus phagosomal membranes. Our study provides evidence for a model in which A. fumigatus spore phagocytosis by macrophages specifically induces TLR9 recruitment to A. fumigatus phagosomes and may thereby mediate TLR9-induced antifungal innate immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.