Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21059708›Full record

ReviewDNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes2010

Conflicts targeting epigenetic systems and their resolution by cell death: novel concepts for methyl-specific and other restriction systems.

Ken Ishikawa, Eri Fukuda, Ichizo Kobayashi

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. The extended mobility of plasmids.Nucleic acids research · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Antimicrobial resistance and mechanisms of epigenetic regulation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The structure of theThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020
    Article
  10. Comparative Methylome Analysis ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ken IshikawaDepartment of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Eri Fukuda
Ichizo Kobayashi
The University of Tokyo · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epigenetic modification of genomic DNA by methylation is important for defining the epigenome and the transcriptome in eukaryotes as well as in prokaryotes. In prokaryotes, the DNA methyltransferase genes often vary, are mobile, and are paired with the gene for a restriction enzyme. Decrease in a certain epigenetic methylation may lead to chromosome cleavage by the partner restriction enzyme, leading to eventual cell death. Thus, the pairing of a DNA methyltransferase and a restriction enzyme forces an epigenetic state to be maintained within the genome. Although restriction enzymes were originally discovered for their ability to attack invading DNAs, it may be understood because such DNAs show deviation from this epigenetic status. DNAs with epigenetic methylation, by a methyltransferase linked or unlinked with a restriction enzyme, can also be the target of DNases, such as McrBC of Escherichia coli, which was discovered because of its methyl-specific restriction. McrBC responds to specific genome methylation systems by killing the host bacterial cell through chromosome cleavage. Evolutionary and genomic analysis of McrBC homologues revealed their mobility and wide distribution in prokaryotes similar to restriction-modification systems. These findings support the hypothesis that this family of methyl-specific DNases evolved as mobile elements competing with specific genome methylation systems through host killing. These restriction systems clearly demonstrate the presence of conflicts between epigenetic systems.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsChromosomesDNA, BacterialDNA DamageDNA RepairDNA Restriction EnzymesDNA Restriction-Modification EnzymesEpigenomicsEscherichia coliGenome, BacterialApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsDNA, BacterialDNA Restriction EnzymesDNA Restriction-Modification EnzymesMcrBC endonuclease

Identifiers

PMID21059708
PMCPMC2993543
OpenAlexW2169187392

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.