ReviewMammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society2011
The immunity-related GTPases in mammals: a fast-evolving cell-autonomous resistance system against intracellular pathogens.
Review in Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Irgm1 Restrains CD8European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Organelle stress in NLRP3 inflammasome: a central mediator of neurodegenerative diseases.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Inflammatory bowel disease through the lens of microbe-host interactions: immunomodulation, metabolic effects, and genetic susceptibility in microbiota dysbiosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- IRGM Inhibits the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway by Interacting with TRIM21 to Alleviate Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury.Inflammation · 2025Article
- GRA12 is a common virulence factor across Toxoplasma gondii strains and mouse subspecies.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Differences in N6-Methyladenosine RNA Methylation Groups in CVB3-Induced Viral Myocarditis and Identification of the Anti-Apoptotic Role of RBM15B.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Paracrine rescue of MYR1-deficienteLife · 2024Article
- To kill a tachyzoite: assault and battery.Trends in parasitology · 2024Article
- IRGM Deficiency Exacerbates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Autophagy Through the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- The evolving biology of cross-presentation.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Differential Requirement for IRGM Proteins during Tuberculosis Infection in Mice.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- IRGC1, a testis-enriched immunity related GTPase, is important for fibrous sheath integrity and sperm motility in mice.Developmental biology · 2022Article
- IFN-induced cell-autonomous immune mechanisms in the control of intracellular protozoa.Parasitology research · 2022Review
- Interactions of Autophagy and the Immune System in Health and Diseases.Autophagy reports · 2022Article
- Intestinal immune responses to commensal and pathogenic protozoa.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Seizing control: How dense granule effector proteins enable Toxoplasma to take charge.Molecular microbiology · 2021Review
- mFrontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Inhibition of nitric oxide production of activated mice peritoneal macrophages is independent of the Toxoplasma gondii strain.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2021Article
- Autophagy and Autophagy-Related Diseases: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The immunity-related GTPases (IRGs) belong to the family of large, interferon-inducible GTPases and constitute a cell-autonomous resistance system essential for the control of vacuolar pathogens like Toxoplasma gondii in mice. Recent results demonstrated that numerous IRG members accumulate collaboratively at the parasitophorous vacuole of invading T. gondii leading to the destruction of the vacuole and the parasite and subsequent necrotic host cell death. Complex regulatory interactions between different IRG proteins are necessary for these processes. Disturbance of this finely balanced system, e.g., by single genetic deficiency for the important negative regulator Irgm1 or the autophagic regulator Atg5, leads to spontaneous activation of the effector IRG proteins when induced by IFNγ. This activation has cytotoxic consequences resulting in a severe lymphopenia, macrophage defects, and failure of the adaptive immune system in Irgm1-deficient mice. However, alternative functions in phagosome maturation and induction of autophagy have been proposed for Irgm1. The IRG system has been studied primarily in mice, but IRG genes are present throughout the mammalian lineage. Interestingly, the number, type, and diversity of genes present differ greatly even between closely related species, probably reflecting intimate host-pathogen coevolution driven by an armed race between the IRG resistance proteins and pathogen virulence factors. IRG proteins are targets for polymorphic T. gondii virulence factors, and genetic variation in the IRG system between different mouse strains correlates with resistance and susceptibility to virulent T. gondii strains.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.