ArticleCarcinogenesis2011
Chemokine receptor CXCR3 promotes growth of glioma.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathological neural and immune synapses in glioblastoma progression: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2026Review
- A Spatiotemporal Model of CXCL10 as a Master Regulator of Immune Evasion and Metastasis in Osteosarcoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- CXCR3-mediated natural killer cell infiltration exacerbates white matter injury after intracerebral haemorrhage.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- The role of CXC chemokines and receptors in breast cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- The Influence of an Acute Endurance Intervention on Breast Cancer Cell Growth-A Pilot Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Non-immune targeting of CXCR3 compromises mitochondrial function and suppresses tumor growth in glioblastoma.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Shared inflammatory glial cell signature after stab wound injury, revealed by spatial, temporal, and cell-type-specific profiling of the murine cerebral cortex.Nature communications · 2024Article
- CXCL10 promotes melanoma angiogenesis and tumor growth.Animal cells and systems · 2024Article
- The duality of CXCR3 in glioblastoma: unveiling autocrine and paracrine mechanisms for novel therapeutic approaches.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- Chemokine CXCL10 Modulates the Tumor Microenvironment of Fibrosis-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- What Is Currently Known about the Role of CXCL10 in SARS-CoV-2 Infection?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Friends with Benefits: Chemokines, Glioblastoma-Associated Microglia/Macrophages, and Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The versatile role of HuR in Glioblastoma and its potential as a therapeutic target for a multi-pronged attack.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
- Characterising Distinct Migratory Profiles of Infiltrating T-Cell Subsets in Human Glioblastoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Combinatorial Herpes Simplex Vaccine Strategies: From Bedside to Bench and Back.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Evolution, Expression and Functional Analysis of CXCR3 in Neuronal and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Microglia-Derived Olfactomedin-like 3 Promotes Pro-Tumorigenic Microglial Function and Malignant Features of Glioma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Interferon-γ-Inducible Chemokines as Prognostic Markers for Lung Cancer.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. The poor prognosis and minimally successful treatments of GBM indicates a need to identify new therapeutic targets. In this study, we examined the role of CXCR3 in glioma progression using the GL261 murine model of malignant glioma. Intracranial GL261 tumors express CXCL9 and CXCL10 in vivo. Glioma-bearing CXCR3-deficient mice had significantly shorter median survival time and reduced numbers of tumor-infiltrated natural killer and natural killer T cells as compared with tumor-bearing wild-type (WT) mice. In contrast, pharmacological antagonism of CXCR3 with NBI-74330 prolonged median survival times of both tumor-bearing WT and CXCR3-deficient mice when compared with vehicle-treated groups. NBI-74330 treatment did not impact tumor infiltration of lymphocytes and microglia. A small percentage of GL261 cells were identified as CXCR3(+), which was similar to the expression of CXCR3 in several grade IV human glioma cell lines (A172, T98G, U87, U118 and U138). When cultured as gliomaspheres (GS), the human and murine lines increased CXCR3 expression; CXCR3 expression was also found in a primary human GBM-derived GS. Additionally, CXCR3 isoform A was expressed by all lines, whereas CXCR3-B was detected in T98G-, U118- and U138-GS cells. CXCL9 or CXCL10 induced in vitro glioma cell growth in GL261- and U87-GS as well as inhibited cell loss in U138-GS cells and this effect was antagonized by NBI-74330. The results suggest that CXCR3 antagonism exerts a direct anti-glioma effect and this receptor may be a potential therapeutic target for treating human GBM.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.