Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21050464›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2010

The influence of nativity and neighborhoods on breast cancer stage at diagnosis and survival among California Hispanic women.

Theresa H M Keegan, Thu Quach, Sarah Shema, Sally L Glaser, Scarlett L Gomez

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
66citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

66 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Neighborhood factors associated with time to resolution following an abnormal breast or cervical cancer screening test.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2014
    Trial
  6. Article
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  8. Examining the Role of the Social Vulnerability Index in the Association between Race/Ethnicity and Breast Cancer Outcomes.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026
    Article
  9. Immigration and Social Factors, Tumor Stage, and Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer in Asian American and Hispanic Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026
    Article
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  14. A Neighborhood-Level Hispanic Paradox: The Interaction among Hispanic Density, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Survival in Patients with Breast Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Factors Correlate with Late-Stage Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma and Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report from the Children's Oncology Group Registries.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024
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6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Theresa H M KeeganCancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, USA. theresa.keegan@cpic.org
Thu Quach
Sarah Shema
Sally L Glaser
Scarlett L Gomez
Cancer Prevention Institute of California · USStanford University · US

Funding

Social and built environment and race/ethnic variations in cancer outcomesR03CA117324 · NCI · CANCER PREVENTION INSTIT OF CALIFORNIA · PI GOMEZ, SCARLETT L · 2006 to 2007
$139k
NCI NIH HHS N01-PC-35136NCI NIH HHS N01-PC-35139NCI NIH HHS N02-PC-15105NCI NIH HHS R03 CA117324PHS HHS U55/CCR921930-02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the US, foreign-born Hispanics tend to live in socioeconomic conditions typically associated with later stage of breast cancer diagnosis, yet they have lower breast cancer mortality rates than their US-born counterparts. We evaluated the impact of nativity (US- versus foreign-born), neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and Hispanic enclave (neighborhoods with high proportions of Hispanics or Hispanic immigrants) on breast cancer stage at diagnosis and survival among Hispanics.

methodsWe studied 37,695 Hispanic women diagnosed from 1988 to 2005 with invasive breast cancer from the California Cancer Registry. Nativity was based on registry data or, if missing, imputed from case Social Security number. Neighborhood variables were developed from Census data. Stage at diagnosis was analyzed with logistic regression, and survival, based on vital status determined through 2007, was analyzed with Cox proportional hazards regression.

resultsCompared to US-born Hispanics, foreign-born Hispanics were more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage of breast cancer (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09-1.20), but they had a somewhat lower risk of breast cancer specific death (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.99). Living in low SES and high enclave neighborhoods was associated with advanced stage of diagnosis, while living in a lower SES neighborhood, but not Hispanic enclave, was associated with worse survival.

conclusionIdentifying the modifiable factors that facilitate this survival advantage in Hispanic immigrants could help to inform specific interventions to improve survival in this growing population.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBreast NeoplasmsCaliforniaFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingOdds RatioProportional Hazards ModelsResidence CharacteristicsSocial ClassTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID21050464
PMCPMC2988754
OpenAlexW2089255840

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.