ArticleMolecular reproduction and development2010
Transgenic over-expression of growth differentiation factor 11 propeptide in skeleton results in transformation of the seventh cervical vertebra into a thoracic vertebra.
Article in Molecular reproduction and development, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between transforming growth factor β superfamily members (GDF11 and BMP4) and lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2022Article
- Identification ofFrontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- Similar sequences but dissimilar biological functions of GDF11 and myostatin.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2020Review
- Endogenous GDF11 regulates odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Neonatal Systemic AAV-Mediated Gene Delivery of GDF11 Inhibits Skeletal Muscle Growth.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2018Article
- The versatility and paradox of GDF 11.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2017Review
- GDF11 decreases bone mass by stimulating osteoclastogenesis and inhibiting osteoblast differentiation.Nature communications · 2016Article
- The Epidemiological, Morphological, and Clinical Aspects of the Cervical Ribs in Humans.BioMed research international · 2016Review
- Relationship of serum GDF11 levels with bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women.Bone research · 2016Article
- Targeted mutations in myostatin by zinc-finger nucleases result in double-muscled phenotype in Meishan pigs.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- A Tale from TGF-β Superfamily for Thymus Ontogeny and Function.Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
- Growth differentiation factor 11 is an encephalic regionalizing factor in neural differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells.BMC research notes · 2014Article
- Hyperactive self-inactivating piggyBac for transposase-enhanced pronuclear microinjection transgenesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Transgenic overexpression of bone morphogenetic protein 11 propeptide in skeleton enhances bone formation.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2011Article
- Breaking evolutionary and pleiotropic constraints in mammals: On sloths, manatees and homeotic mutations.EvoDevo · 2011Article
- Molecular characterizations of a novel putative DNA-binding protein LvDBP23 in marine shrimp L. vannamei tissues and molting stages.PloS one · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is one of the significant genes that control skeletal formation. Knockout of GDF11 function causes abnormal patterning of the anterior/posterior axial skeleton. The mRNA of GDF11 is initially translated to a precursor protein that undergoes a proteolytic cleavage to generate the C-terminal peptide or mature GDF11, and the N-terminal peptide named GDF11 propeptide. The propeptide can antagonize GDF11 activity in vitro. To investigate the effects of GDF11 propeptide on GDF11 function in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that over-express the propeptide cDNA in skeletal tissue. The transgenic mice showed formation of extra ribs on the seventh cervical vertebra (C7) as a result of transformation of the C7 vertebra into a thoracic vertebra. The GDF11 propeptide transgene mRNA was detected in tail tissue in embryos and was highly expressed in tail and calvaria bones after birth. A high frequency of C7 rib formation was noticed in the transgenic mouse line with a high level of transgene expression. The anterior boundaries of Hoxa-4 and Hoxa-5 mRNA in situ expressions showed cranial shifts from their normal prevertebra locations in transgenic embryos. These results demonstrated significant effects of GDF11 propeptide transgene on vertebral formation, which are likely occurring through depressing GDF11 function and altered locations of Hoxa-4 and Hoxa-5 expression.
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