Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21047393›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2010

Female-biased expression of long non-coding RNAs in domains that escape X-inactivation in mouse.

Björn Reinius, Chengxi Shi, Liu Hengshuo, Kuljeet Singh Sandhu, Katarzyna J Radomska, Glenn D Rosen, Lu Lu, Klas Kullander, Robert W Williams, Elena Jazin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
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  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Sex differences in cancer mechanisms.Biology of sex differences · 2020
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. X Inactivation and Escape: Epigenetic and Structural Features.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2019
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. When the Lyon(ized chromosome) roars: ongoing expression from an inactive X chromosome.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Björn ReiniusDepartment of Evolution and Development, EBC, Uppsala University, Sweden. bjorn.reinius@ebc.uu.se
Chengxi Shi
Liu Hengshuo
Kuljeet Singh Sandhu
Katarzyna J Radomska
Glenn D Rosen
Lu Lu
Klas Kullander
Robert W Williams
Elena Jazin

Funding

Informatics Center for Mouse NeurogeneticsP20DA021131 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR · PI WILLIAMS, ROBERT W. · 2005 to 2009
$5.0M
QTL mapping of cell number in the mouse CNSR01NS052397 · NINDS · BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER · PI ROSEN, GLENN D · 2007 to 2011
$1.8M
NIDA NIH HHS P20-DA 21131NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS052397
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSexual dimorphism in brain gene expression has been recognized in several animal species. However, the relevant regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. To investigate whether sex-biased gene expression in mammalian brain is globally regulated or locally regulated in diverse brain structures, and to study the genomic organisation of brain-expressed sex-biased genes, we performed a large scale gene expression analysis of distinct brain regions in adult male and female mice.

resultsThis study revealed spatial specificity in sex-biased transcription in the mouse brain, and identified 173 sex-biased genes in the striatum; 19 in the neocortex; 12 in the hippocampus and 31 in the eye. Genes located on sex chromosomes were consistently over-represented in all brain regions. Analysis on a subset of genes with sex-bias in more than one tissue revealed Y-encoded male-biased transcripts and X-encoded female-biased transcripts known to escape X-inactivation. In addition, we identified novel coding and non-coding X-linked genes with female-biased expression in multiple tissues. Interestingly, the chromosomal positions of all of the female-biased non-coding genes are in close proximity to protein-coding genes that escape X-inactivation. This defines X-chromosome domains each of which contains a coding and a non-coding female-biased gene. Lack of repressive chromatin marks in non-coding transcribed loci supports the possibility that they escape X-inactivation. Moreover, RNA-DNA combined FISH experiments confirmed the biallelic expression of one such novel domain.

conclusionThis study demonstrated that the amount of genes with sex-biased expression varies between individual brain regions in mouse. The sex-biased genes identified are localized on many chromosomes. At the same time, sexually dimorphic gene expression that is common to several parts of the brain is mostly restricted to the sex chromosomes. Moreover, the study uncovered multiple female-biased non-coding genes that are non-randomly co-localized on the X-chromosome with protein-coding genes that escape X-inactivation. This raises the possibility that expression of long non-coding RNAs may play a role in modulating gene expression in domains that escape X-inactivation in mouse.

Indexed as

Sex CharacteristicsAnimalsBrainFemaleGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression RegulationGenes, X-LinkedHistonesLysineMaleMethylationMiceMultigene FamilyOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisOpen Reading FramesOrgan SpecificityHistonesLysineRNA, Untranslated

Identifiers

PMID21047393
PMCPMC3091755

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.