ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2010
Use of botulinum toxin in the neurology clinic.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02557737 (Comparison of Surface Landmark, Ultrasonography and Electric Stimulation Guidance for Botulinum Toxin Injections in Stroke Patients With Spasticity on Upper Extremities.), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Surface Landmark, Ultrasonography and Electric Stimulation Guidance for Botulinum Toxin Injections in Stroke Patients With Spasticity on Upper Extremities.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The "Visible" Muscles on Ultrasound Imaging Make Botulinum Toxin Injection More Precise: A Systematic Review.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2022Pooled it
- EMG versus US: a randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy in guiding botulinum toxin treatment in cervical dystonia.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Trends and off-label use of botulinum toxin type A in Chinese neurological practice from 2016 to 2023: a real-world study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Intradermally injected abobotulinumtoxinA administered preemptively before surgery alleviates post-surgical pain and normalizes behavior in a translational animal model.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Construction and validation of safe Clostridium botulinum Group II surrogate strain producing inactive botulinum neurotoxin type E toxoid.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Cell-Penetrating Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A With Improved Cellular Uptake and Therapeutic Index.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Article
- Monoclonal Antibody Combinations Prevent Serotype A and Serotype B Inhalational Botulism in a Guinea Pig Model.Toxins · 2019Article
- Functional detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A to F by monoclonal neoepitope-specific antibodies and suspension array technology.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Bioinformatic discovery of a toxin family in Chryseobacterium piperi with sequence similarity to botulinum neurotoxins.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Nerve Compression Syndromes in the Posterior Cranial Fossa.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2019Review
- Management of Refractory Orofacial Dyskinesia Caused by Anti-Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- Article
- Article
- Positive regulation of botulinum neurotoxin gene expression by CodY in Clostridium botulinum ATCC 3502.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2014Article
- Botulinum neurotoxins: genetic, structural and mechanistic insights.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2014Review
- Update on treatments for dystonia.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2014Review
- Hemifacial spasm and neurovascular compression.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is an effective treatment for conditions associated with overactivity of glandular, smooth or skeletal muscle, and this toxin can also ameliorate certain painful conditions. Electromyography, endoscopy and imaging techniques such as ultrasonography and fluoroscopy have been used to increase the accuracy of BoNT injections. This Review assesses the mechanisms of action of BoNT, and examines the use of BoNT injections in numerous neurological conditions, including dystonia, spasticity, headaches and other painful disorders, hemifacial spasm, essential tremor, motor tics, hyperhidrosis, and sialorrhea and drooling. Important practical aspects, such as the reconstitution of BoNT, dosing, and methods of administration, are also addressed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21045798What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.