ArticleCancer research2010
A therapeutic OX40 agonist dynamically alters dendritic, endothelial, and T cell subsets within the established tumor microenvironment.
Article in Cancer research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- GITR activation potentiates anti-tumor immunity of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes expanded from glioblastoma by rescuing exhaustion.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in Atopic Dermatitis: Ethnic, Anatomical Site, and Age-related Variations.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- INBRX-106: a hexavalent OX40 agonist that drives superior antitumor responses via optimized receptor clustering.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- OX40/OX40 ligand and its role in precision immune oncology.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Prognostic Role of OX40, LAG-3, TIM-3 and PD-L1 Expression in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- A Phase I, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study of the OX40 Agonist Ivuxolimab in Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Cancers.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- Combined OX40 Agonist and PD-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy Improves the Efficacy of Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in a Urothelial Tumor Model.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Could Extracellular Vesicles Contribute to Generation or Awakening of "Sleepy" Metastatic Niches?Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- OX40+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment promote antitumor immunity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Therapeutic strategies for the costimulatory molecule OX40 in T-cell-mediated immunity.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2020Review
- ElevatedCancer cell international · 2020Article
- T-Regulatory Cells In Tumor Progression And Therapy.Cancer management and research · 2019Review
- A comprehensive review on the role of co-signaling receptors and Treg homeostasis in autoimmunity and tumor immunity.Journal of autoimmunity · 2018Review
- Article
- CXCL9: evidence and contradictions for its role in tumor progression.Cancer medicine · 2016Review
- Glioblastoma Circulating Cells: Reality, Trap or Illusion?Stem cells international · 2015Review
- The immune system in hepatocellular carcinoma and potential new immunotherapeutic strategies.BioMed research international · 2015Review
- OX40 Agonists and Combination Immunotherapy: Putting the Pedal to the Metal.Frontiers in oncology · 2015Review
- Mechanisms of disseminated cancer cell dormancy: an awakening field.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Little preclinical modeling currently exists to support the use of OX40 agonists as therapeutic agents in the setting of advanced cancers, as well as the mechanisms through which therapeutic efficacy is achieved. We show that treatment of mice bearing well-established day 17 sarcomas with a novel OX40 ligand-Fc fusion protein (OX40L-Fc) resulted in tumor regression or dormancy in the majority of treated animals. Unexpectedly, dendritic cells (DC) in the progressive tumor microenvironment (TME) acquire OX40 expression and bind fluorescently labeled OX40L-Fc. Furthermore, longitudinal analyses revealed that DCs become enriched in the tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN) of both wild-type and Rag-/- mice within 3 days after OX40L-Fc treatment. By day 7 after treatment, a significant expansion of CXCR3+ T effector cells was noted in the TDLN, and by day 10 after treatment, type 1 polarized T cells exhibiting a reactivated memory phenotype had accumulated in the tumors. High levels of CXCL9 (a CXCR3 ligand) and enhanced expression of VCAM-1 by vascular endothelial cells (VEC) were observed in the TME early after treatment with OX40L-Fc. Notably, these vascular alterations were maintained in Rag-/- mice, indicating that the OX40L-Fc-mediated activation of both DC and VEC occurs in a T-cell-independent manner. Collectively, these findings support a paradigm in which the stimulation of DC, T cells, and the tumor vasculature by an OX40 agonist dynamically orchestrates the activation, expansion, and recruitment of therapeutic T cells into established tumors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.