Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21042317›Full record

SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2012

Genome-wide association study of major depressive disorder: new results, meta-analysis, and lessons learned.

N R Wray, M L Pergadia, D H R Blackwood, B W J H Penninx, S D Gordon, D R Nyholt, S Ripke, D J MacIntyre, K A McGhee, A W Maclean and 22 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 234 papers, 20 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
234citing papers in PubMed, 20 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

234 citing papers in PubMed, 20 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  11. The Gene Encoding Protocadherin 9 (PCDH9), a Novel Risk Factor for Major Depressive Disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018
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  16. Association of HTR2A T102C and A-1438G polymorphisms with susceptibility to major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2014
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174 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

32 authors.

N R WrayGenetic Epidemiology, Molecular Epidemiology, Psychiatric Genetics and Queensland Statistical Genetics Laboratories, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. naomi.wray@qimr.edu.au
M L Pergadia
D H R Blackwood
B W J H Penninx
S D Gordon
D R Nyholt
S Ripke
D J MacIntyre
K A McGhee
A W Maclean
J H Smit
J J Hottenga
G Willemsen
C M Middeldorp
E J C de Geus
C M Lewis
P McGuffin
I B Hickie
E J C G van den Oord
J Z Liu
S Macgregor
B P McEvoy
E M Byrne
S E Medland
D J Statham
A K Henders
A C Heath
G W Montgomery
N G Martin
D I Boomsma
P A F Madden
P F Sullivan

Funding

THE GENETICS OF VULNERABILITY TO NICOTINE ADDICTIONSR01DA012854 · NIDA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI MADDEN, PAMELA ANN · 2000 to 2013
$10.4M
MOLECULAR GENETICS OF SCHIZOPHRENIAR01MH059571 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI GEJMAN, PABLO V. · 1999 to 2007
$8.0M
2/2 A genome-wide association study to detect genetic variation for schizophreniaR01MH080403 · NIMH · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SULLIVAN, PATRICK F · 2008 to 2010
$4.5M
Molecular Epidemiology of Alcoholism 3 - EDAC FamiliesR01AA013321 · NIAAA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HEATH, ANDREW C. · 2001 to 2005
$4.3M
Molecular Epidemiology of Alcoholism 2- Big SibshipsR01AA013320 · NIAAA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HEATH, ANDREW C. · 2003 to 2007
$3.1M
MOLECULAR GENETICS OF SCHIZOPHRENIAR01MH060879 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CLONINGER, C. ROBERT · 1999 to 2006
$2.7M
DETECTING SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI FOR RECURRENT DEPRESSIONR01MH059160 · NIMH · VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY · PI SULLIVAN, PATRICK F · 2000 to 2002
$2.7M
Genetic Epidemiology of Pathological GamblingR01MH066206 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA · PI SLUTSKE, WENDY S · 2003 to 2007
$2.5M
Molecular Epidemiology of Alcoholism 1: Candidate GeneR01AA013326 · NIAAA · QUEENSLAND INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI MARTIN, NICHOLAS G · 2001 to 2005
$2.1M
VARIATION IN THE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON LIVER FUNCTIONR01AA014041 · NIAAA · QUEENSLAND INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL RESEARCH · PI WHITFIELD, JOHN B · 2003 to 2007
$2.1M
MOLECULAR GENETICS OF SCHIZOPHRENIAR01MH059586 · NIMH · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI SILVERMAN, JEREMY M. · 1999 to 2006
$1.9M
GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERPLAY IN ALCOHOLISMK05AA017688 · NIAAA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI HEATH, ANDREW C. · 2008 to 2017
$1.9M
Chief Scientist OfficeMedical Research Council G0701420NIAAA NIH HHS AA10248NIAAA NIH HHS AA13320NIAAA NIH HHS AA13321NIAAA NIH HHS AA13326NIAAA NIH HHS AA14041NIAAA NIH HHS K05 AA017688NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA007535NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013320NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013321NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA013326NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA014041NIDA NIH HHS DA019951NIDA NIH HHS DA12854NIDA NIH HHS K08 DA019951NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA012854NIDA NIH HHS R56 DA012854NIMH NIH HHS MH059565NIMH NIH HHS MH059571NIMH NIH HHS MH059588NIMH NIH HHS MH061675NIMH NIH HHS MH067257NIMH NIH HHS MH080403NIMH NIH HHS MH59566NIMH NIH HHS MH59586NIMH NIH HHS MH59587NIMH NIH HHS MH60870NIMH NIH HHS MH66206NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059160NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059565NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059566NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059571NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059586NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059587NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH059588NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060870NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH060879NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH061675NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH066206NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH067257NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH080403NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH060879Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common complex disorder with a partly genetic etiology. We conducted a genome-wide association study of the MDD2000+ sample (2431 cases, 3673 screened controls and >1 M imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)). No SNPs achieved genome-wide significance either in the MDD2000+ study, or in meta-analysis with two other studies totaling 5763 cases and 6901 controls. These results imply that common variants of intermediate or large effect do not have main effects in the genetic architecture of MDD. Suggestive but notable results were (a) gene-based tests suggesting roles for adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3, 2p23.3) and galanin (GAL, 11q13.3); published functional evidence relates both of these to MDD and serotonergic signaling; (b) support for the bipolar disorder risk variant SNP rs1006737 in CACNA1C (P=0.020, odds ratio=1.10); and (c) lack of support for rs2251219, a SNP identified in a meta-analysis of affective disorder studies (P=0.51). We estimate that sample sizes 1.8- to 2.4-fold greater are needed for association studies of MDD compared with those for schizophrenia to detect variants that explain the same proportion of total variance in liability. Larger study cohorts characterized for genetic and environmental risk factors accumulated prospectively are likely to be needed to dissect more fully the etiology of MDD.

Indexed as

Adenylyl CyclasesAdolescentAdultCalcium Channels, L-TypeFemaleGalaninGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansMajor Depressive DisorderMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioPolymorphism, Single NucleotidePrincipal Component Analysisadenylate cyclase 3Adenylyl CyclasesCACNA1C protein, humanCalcium Channels, L-TypeGalanin

Identifiers

PMID21042317
PMCPMC3252611

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.