ReviewEndocrine reviews2011
The role of the prokineticin 2 pathway in human reproduction: evidence from the study of human and murine gene mutations.
Review in Endocrine reviews, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00494169 (Molecular Basis of Inherited Reproductive Disorders), which is not on this map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Molecular Basis of Inherited Reproductive Disorders
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prokineticin 2 regulates the electrophysiological activity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons via direct signalling in adult female mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Tracing Early Migratory Neurons in the Developing Nose Using Contactin-2 (Cntn2) CreERT2.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2025Article
- Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of PROK2/PROKR2: a recall-by-genotype study.Human genetics · 2025Article
- Biological pathways leading to septo-optic dysplasia: a review.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals dynamic changes in the liver microenvironment during colorectal cancer metastatic progression.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Genetic Polymorphisms of Prokineticins and Prokineticin Receptors Associated with Human Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Intracerebroventricular PROK2 infusion could increase the secretion of male reproductive hormones by stimulating the HPG axis.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Prokineticin Receptors in Diseases.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Inferring circadian gene regulatory relationships from gene expression data with a hybrid framework.BMC bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Phenotypic and genotypic landscape of PROKR2 in neuroendocrine disorders.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Prokineticin 2/PROK2 and Male Infertility.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Trafficking-defective mutant PROKR2 cycles between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi to attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Sex differences in the coexpression of prokineticin receptor 2 and gonadal steroids receptors in mice.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2022Article
- Genetic causes of central precocious puberty.Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Molecular screening of PROKR2 gene in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2021Observational
- Oligogenic Inheritance Underlying Incomplete Penetrance ofFrontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Anosmin-1 activates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and its related signaling pathway for olfactory bulb angiogenesis.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Metformin Ameliorates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Activating the PK2/PKR Pathway.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Methane Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Orchitis by Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidative, and Antiapoptotic Effects via Regulation of the PK2/PKR1 Pathway.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A widely dispersed network of hypothalamic GnRH neurons controls the reproductive axis in mammals. Genetic investigation of the human disease model of isolated GnRH deficiency has revealed several key genes crucial for GnRH neuronal ontogeny and GnRH secretion. Among these genes, prokineticin 2 (PROK2), and PROK2 receptor (PROKR2) have recently emerged as critical regulators of reproduction in both mice and humans. Both prok2- and prokr2-deficient mice recapitulate the human Kallmann syndrome phenotype. Additionally, PROK2 and PROKR2 mutations are seen in humans with Kallmann syndrome, thus implicating this pathway in GnRH neuronal migration. However, PROK2/PROKR2 mutations are also seen in normosmic GnRH deficiency, suggesting a role for the prokineticin signaling system in GnRH biology that is beyond neuronal migration. This observation is particularly surprising because mature GnRH neurons do not express PROKR2. Moreover, mutations in both PROK2 and PROKR2 are predominantly detected in the heterozygous state with incomplete penetrance or variable expressivity frequently seen within and across pedigrees. In some of these pedigrees, a "second hit" or oligogenicity has been documented. Besides reproduction, a pleiotropic physiological role for PROK2 is now recognized, including regulation of pain perception, circadian rhythms, hematopoiesis, and immune response. Therefore, further detailed clinical studies of patients with PROK2/PROKR2 mutations will help to map the broader biological role of the PROK2/PROKR2 pathway and identify other interacting genes/proteins that mediate its molecular effects in humans.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.