Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21029862›Full record

ArticleCell2010

The long noncoding RNA, Jpx, is a molecular switch for X chromosome inactivation.

Di Tian, Sha Sun, Jeannie T Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 297 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
297citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
16.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

297 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 524 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Metamorphosis and lncRNAs: A Close Relationship.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Remodeling ofScience advances · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Genome research · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

237 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Di TianHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Sha Sun
Jeannie T Lee
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · US

Funding

MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND TUMOR BIOLOGYT32CA009216 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI David Michael Langenau · 1985 to 2026
$10.6M
Regulation of X-Inactivation by Non-Coding RNA LociR01GM058839 · NIGMS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI LEE, JEANNIE T · 1999 to 2025
$6.7M
A genetic analysis of Jpx function in x-chromosome inactivationK08HD053824 · NICHD · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI TIAN, DI TIAN · 2007 to 2011
$685k
NCI NIH HHS T32-CA009216NICHD NIH HHS K08 HD053824NICHD NIH HHS K08-HD053824NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM058839NIGMS NIH HHS R01-GM58839
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Once protein-coding, the X-inactivation center (Xic) is now dominated by large noncoding RNAs (ncRNA). X chromosome inactivation (XCI) equalizes gene expression between mammalian males and females by inactivating one X in female cells. XCI requires Xist, an ncRNA that coats the X and recruits Polycomb proteins. How Xist is controlled remains unclear but likely involves negative and positive regulators. For the active X, the antisense Tsix RNA is an established Xist repressor. For the inactive X, here, we identify Xic-encoded Jpx as an Xist activator. Jpx is developmentally regulated and accumulates during XCI. Deleting Jpx blocks XCI and is female lethal. Posttranscriptional Jpx knockdown recapitulates the knockout, and supplying Jpx in trans rescues lethality. Thus, Jpx is trans-acting and functions as ncRNA. Furthermore, ΔJpx is rescued by truncating Tsix, indicating an antagonistic relationship between the ncRNAs. We conclude that Xist is controlled by two RNA-based switches: Tsix for Xa and Jpx for Xi.

Indexed as

X Chromosome InactivationAnimalsCell LineEmbryonic Stem CellsFemaleGenes, LethalHumansMaleMiceRNA, Long NoncodingRNA, UntranslatedRNA, Long NoncodingRNA, UntranslatedXIST non-coding RNA

Identifiers

PMID21029862
PMCPMC2994261
OpenAlexW2135302954

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.