Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2010
A low-glycemic index diet combined with exercise reduces insulin resistance, postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide responses in obese, prediabetic humans.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 77 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Lifestyle Intervention in Preparation for Pregnancy (LIPP)
Lifestyle Intervention for Improving Metabolic and Motivational Outcomes
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- EffectS of Lifestyle Interventions in Older PEople With Obesity (Effective SLOPE): a Systematic Review With Network Meta-Analyses.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- The role of resistance training in improving beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of dietary glycemic index on insulin resistance in adults without diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of exercise training on insulin-stimulated glucose disposal: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Pooled it
- Beyond bariatric surgery and weight loss medicaments. A systematic review of the current practice in obesity rehabilitative inpatient programs in adults and pediatrics.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary Glycemic Index and Load and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Assessment of Causal Relations.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Low glycaemic index dietary interventions in youth with cystic fibrosis: a systematic review and discussion of the clinical implications.Nutrients · 2012Pooled it
- Aerobic Exercise Training Increases Circulating sRAGE in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Associations With Sheddase Regulation.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Understanding the Impact of Different Doses of ReducoseNutrients · 2024Trial
- The Effects of Exercise on Appetite-Regulating Hormone Concentrations over a 36-h Fast in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Effect of Dietary Glycemic Index on β-Cell Function in Prediabetes: A Randomized Controlled Feeding Study.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Co-ingestion of NUTRALYSEuropean journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Lipids activate skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission and quality control networks to induce insulin resistance in humans.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2021Trial
- Effectiveness of Low Glycemic Index Diet Consultations Through a Diet Glycemic Assessment App Tool on Maternal and Neonatal Insulin Resistance: A Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2019Trial
- Exercise training remodels human skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission and fusion machinery towards a pro-elongation phenotype.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2019Trial
- Skeletal muscle Nur77 and NOR1 insulin responsiveness is blunted in obesity and type 2 diabetes but improved after exercise training.Physiological reports · 2019Trial
- Exercise-induced improvements in glucose effectiveness are blunted by a high glycemic diet in adults with prediabetes.Acta diabetologica · 2019Trial
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe optimal lifestyle intervention that reverses diabetes risk factors is not known.
objectiveWe examined the effect of a low-glycemic index (GI) diet and exercise intervention on glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in obese, prediabetic individuals.
designTwenty-two participants [mean ± SEM age: 66 ± 1 y; body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 34.4 ± 0.8] underwent a 12-wk exercise-training intervention (1 h/d for 5 d/wk at ≈ 85% of maximum heart rate) while randomly assigned to receive either a low-GI diet (LoGIX; 40 ± 0.3 units) or a high-GI diet (HiGIX; 80 ± 0.6 units). Body composition (measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography), insulin sensitivity (measured with a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with [6,6-(2)H(2)]-glucose), and oral glucose-induced insulin and incretin hormone secretion were examined.
resultsBoth groups lost equal amounts of body weight (-8.8 ± 0.9%) and adiposity and showed similar improvements in peripheral tissue (+76.2 ± 14.9%) and hepatic insulin sensitivity (+27.1 ± 7.1%) (all P < 0.05). However, oral glucose-induced insulin secretion was reduced only in the LoGIX group (6.59 ± 0.86 nmol in the prestudy compared with 4.70 ± 0.67 nmol in the poststudy, P < 0.05), which was a change related to the suppressed postprandial response of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. When corrected for changes in β cell glucose exposure, changes in insulin secretion were attenuated in the LoGIX group but became significantly elevated in the HiGIX group.
conclusionsAlthough lifestyle-induced weight loss improves insulin resistance in prediabetic individuals, postprandial hyperinsulinemia is reduced only when a low-GI diet is consumed. In contrast, a high-GI diet impairs pancreatic β cell and intestinal K cell function despite significant weight loss. These findings highlight the important role of the gut in mediating the effects of a low-GI diet on type 2 diabetes risk reduction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.