ReviewDrug metabolism and pharmacokinetics2011
Mechanisms of drug toxicity and relevance to pharmaceutical development.
Review in Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effectiveness of treatments for propranolol toxicity: a systematic review of current approaches and evidence.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Hirsutine, an Emerging Natural Product with Promising Therapeutic Benefits: A Systematic Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Drug Response: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Species, cell proliferation state and oxygen partial pressure are major factors in the in vitro toxicity of repurposed potential ADPKD drugs in human and murine renal proximal tubule cells.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Enhancement of tobramycin and amikacin activities by co-encapsulation in liposomal-thymoquinone formulation: antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytocompatibility study.Therapeutic delivery · 2026Article
- Preliminary study of cyto-impedance: Molecular profiling of functional impedance in motility-promoting treatment of normal cells.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Assessing the performance of quantum-mechanical descriptors in physicochemical and biological property prediction.Digital discovery · 2026Article
- Quantitative systems toxicology: modelling to mechanistically understand and predict drug safety.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Non-invasive quantification of viability in liver spheroids using deep learning.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Dapansutrile mitigates methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats: roles of inflammation, oxidative stress, pyroptosis, and autophagy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Preclinical screening models in anticancer drug development: strengths, limitations, and translational challenges.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Multiscale zonation-resolved modeling of dose-dependent determinants of acetaminophen-induced liver injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- In silico evaluation of Ocimum sanctum phytochemicals for diabetic foot ulcer therapy through docking, ADMET, DFT, and molecular dynamics.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Acute toxicological evaluation of bone-targeted parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) antagonist to inhibit breast cancer metastases to bone.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Ex vivo Drug Metabolism Using Primary Human Hepatocytes for the Detection of Metabolite-Dependent Antibodies to Red Blood Cells.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of Clinically Discontinued Compounds Using an In Vitro Secondary Pharmacology Panel to Predict Potential Safety Risks during Drug Development.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Acetylcholinesterase as a Multifunctional Target in Amyloid-Driven Neurodegeneration: From Dual-Site Inhibitors to Anti-Agregation Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Computational toxicology in drug discovery: applications of artificial intelligence in ADMET and toxicity prediction.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Review
- Impact of halogenation on scaffold toxicity assessed using HD-GEM machine learning model.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) Neural Networks with Conjoint Fingerprints: Application in Predicting Skin-Sensitizing Agents in Natural Compounds.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2025Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Toxicity has been estimated to be responsible for the attrition of approximately one-third of drug candidates and is a major contributor to the high cost of drug development, particularly when not recognized until late in clinical trials or post-marketing. The causes of drug toxicity can be classified in several ways and include mechanism-based (on-target) toxicity, immune hypersensitivity, off-target toxicity, and bioactivation/covalent modification. In addition, idiosyncratic responses are rare but can be one of the most problematic issues; several hypotheses for these have been advanced. Although covalent binding of drugs to proteins was described almost 40 years ago, the significance to toxicity has been difficult to establish; recent literature in this field is considered. The development of more useful biomarkers and short-term assays for rapid screening of drug toxicity early in the drug discovery/development process is a major goal, and some progress has been made using "omics" approaches.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.