ArticleSurgical endoscopy2011
Effects of CO2 insufflation on cerebrum during endoscopic thyroidectomy in a porcine model.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gasless endoscopic thyroidectomyFrontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- A prospective, randomized controlled study of the safety and efficacy of gasless bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2020Trial
- Occurrence of cerebral COJournal of medical case reports · 2025Review
- Cerebral carbon dioxide embolism after kidney cancer laparoscopic surgery with full neurological recovery: A case report.Medicine · 2020Article
- Strategy to Prevent Subcutaneous Emphysema and Gas Insufflation-Related Complications in Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach: Reply.World journal of surgery · 2017Article
- Optimal carbon dioxide insufflation pressure during robot-assisted thyroidectomy in patients with various benign and malignant thyroid diseases.World journal of surgical oncology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe operative cavity during endoscopic thyroidectomy is maintained mainly by CO2 insufflation. We designed this study to explore the effects of CO2 insufflation on the cerebrum during endoscopic thyroidectomy in a porcine model.
methodsTwelve Chinese minipigs were randomly divided into four groups. Group A underwent traditional thyroidectomy and served as the control group. Groups B, C, and D underwent endoscopic thyroidectomy at CO2 pressures of 5, 10, and 15 mmHg, respectively. Arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2), pH, and intracranial pressure (ICP) were measured at five time points. Cerebral tissue was removed and evaluated pathologically and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
resultsThere were no statistical differences between group A and group B in all measured values. PaCO2 increased and pH decreased gradually, while ICP did not change significantly in Group C. In Group D, PaCO2 increased and pH decreased gradually, while ICP increased significantly. In Groups C and D, cerebral edema appeared obviously and the quantity of glial cells increased significantly compared with that in Groups A and B. The ultrastructures of neurons and glial cells changed apparently, accompanied by increasing apoptosis in Groups C and D as seen by TEM.
conclusionLengthy CO2 insufflation at high pressure (15 mmHg) caused an increase in ICP and cerebral edema during endoscopic thyroidectomy. It even caused cerebral edema at 10 mmHg in spite of no increase in ICP. Therefore, we suggest that the pressure of CO2 insufflation should be lower than 10 mmHg, and that 5 mmHg is the relatively safe and recommended pressure.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.