ArticleMalaria journal2010
Sugar-fermenting yeast as an organic source of carbon dioxide to attract the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae.
Article in Malaria journal, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 180 citations in OpenAlex.
- Which trap is best? Alternatives to outdoor human landing catches for malaria vector surveillance: a meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- A comparative assessment of mosquito trapping methods for vector surveillance in Scotland.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of MTego and BG-Sentinel traps for malaria and arbovirus vector surveillance in Cabo Verde.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Microbial Volatiles from Human Skin and Floral Nectar: Insufficiently Understood Adult Feeding Cues To Improve Odor-Based Traps for Aedes Vector Control.Journal of chemical ecology · 2025Review
- Rift Valley Fever Virus Transmission During an Unreported Outbreak Among People and Livestock in South-Central Tanzania.Viruses · 2025Article
- Invasion of the Dengue Vector Aedes albopictus in the Port City of Takoradi, Southwestern Ghana.Research square · 2025Article
- Malaria vector diversity, transmission and insecticide resistance in Island communities along the Volta lake in Southern Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Assessing Anopheles species collection techniques in a low malaria transmission area: implications for vector surveillance and control.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- A survey of indoor and outdoor Anopheles density, species composition and circumsporozoite rate of malaria vectors on the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau.Malaria journal · 2025Article
- Identification of Potential Vectors and Detection of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Mosquitoes Collected Before and During the 2022 Outbreak in Rwanda.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Using COBiotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the solar-powered Silver Bullet 2.1 (Lumin 8) light trap for sampling malaria vectors in western Kenya.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Rapid Elimination ofInsects · 2023Article
- Field Evaluation of In2Care Mosquito Traps to Control Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Hawai'i Island.Journal of medical entomology · 2023Article
- Color preference of Sergentomyia minuta (Diptera: Phlebotominae) determined using Flebocollect Do It Yourself light traps based on LED technology.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Entomological survey of the potential vectors of Rift Valley fever virus and absence of detection of the virus genome from the vectors in various niches in the southern half of the Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia.Veterinary medicine and science · 2022Article
- Diversity and behavioral activity of Anopheles mosquitoes on the slopes of Mount Cameroon.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Mass Trapping and Larval Source Management for Mosquito Elimination on Small Maldivian Islands.Insects · 2022Article
- Prospects for developing efficient targets for the xenomonitoring and control of Simulium damnosum s.l., the major vectors of onchocerciasis in Africa.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2022Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCarbon dioxide (CO2) plays an important role in the host-seeking process of opportunistic, zoophilic and anthropophilic mosquito species and is, therefore, commonly added to mosquito sampling tools. The African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto is attracted to human volatiles augmented by CO2. This study investigated whether CO2, usually supplied from gas cylinders acquired from commercial industry, could be replaced by CO2 derived from fermenting yeast (yeast-produced CO2).
methodsTrapping experiments were conducted in the laboratory, semi-field and field, with An. gambiae s.s. as the target species. MM-X traps were baited with volatiles produced by mixtures of yeast, sugar and water, prepared in 1.5, 5 or 25 L bottles. Catches were compared with traps baited with industrial CO2. The additional effect of human odours was also examined. In the laboratory and semi-field facility dual-choice experiments were conducted. The effect of traps baited with yeast-produced CO2 on the number of mosquitoes entering an African house was studied in the MalariaSphere. Carbon dioxide baited traps, placed outside human dwellings, were also tested in an African village setting. The laboratory and semi-field data were analysed by a χ2-test, the field data by GLM. In addition, CO2 concentrations produced by yeast-sugar solutions were measured over time.
resultsTraps baited with yeast-produced CO2 caught significantly more mosquitoes than unbaited traps (up to 34 h post mixing the ingredients) and also significantly more than traps baited with industrial CO2, both in the laboratory and semi-field. Adding yeast-produced CO2 to traps baited with human odour significantly increased trap catches. In the MalariaSphere, outdoor traps baited with yeast-produced or industrial CO2 + human odour reduced house entry of mosquitoes with a human host sleeping under a bed net indoors. Anopheles gambiae s.s. was not caught during the field trials. However, traps baited with yeast-produced CO2 caught similar numbers of Anopheles arabiensis as traps baited with industrial CO2. Addition of human odour increased trap catches.
conclusionsYeast-produced CO2 can effectively replace industrial CO2 for sampling of An. gambiae s.s.. This will significantly reduce costs and allow sustainable mass-application of odour-baited devices for mosquito sampling in remote areas.
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