ArticleJournal of bacteriology2011
Glucose-dependent activation of Bacillus anthracis toxin gene expression and virulence requires the carbon catabolite protein CcpA.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental regulation of toxin production in Bacillus anthracis.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Environmental Regulation of Toxin Production inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Giving a signal: how protein phosphorylation helps Bacillus navigate through different life stages.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2023Review
- Alternate atxA and acpA dependent response of Bacillus anthracis to serum, HCO3- and CO2.PloS one · 2023Article
- The Role of Regulator Catabolite Control Protein A (CcpA) in Streptococcus agalactiae Physiology and Stress Response.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- BrnQ-Type Branched-Chain Amino Acid Transporters Influence Bacillus anthracis Growth and Virulence.mBio · 2022Article
- Genome-wide analysis of in vivo CcpA binding with and without its key co-factor HPr in the major human pathogen group A Streptococcus.Molecular microbiology · 2021Article
- PRD-Containing Virulence Regulators (PCVRs) in Pathogenic Bacteria.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Influence of the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system on toxin gene expression and virulence in Bacillus anthracis.Molecular microbiology · 2020Article
- AtxA-Controlled Small RNAs ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- TheMicrobiology spectrum · 2019Review
- CcpA Coordinates Growth/Damage Balance for Streptococcus pyogenes Pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- A Novel Dual-Applied and environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Regulons and protein-protein interactions of PRD-containing Bacillus anthracis virulence regulators reveal overlapping but distinct functions.Molecular microbiology · 2018Article
- Review
- Proteomic shifts in multi-species oral biofilms caused by Anaeroglobus geminatus.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- A Multi-Serotype Approach Clarifies the Catabolite Control Protein A Regulon in the Major Human Pathogen Group A Streptococcus.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Changes in Bacillus anthracis CodY regulation under host-specific environmental factor deprived conditions.BMC genomics · 2016Article
- Regulating the Intersection of Metabolism and Pathogenesis in Gram-positive Bacteria.Microbiology spectrum · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sensing environmental conditions is an essential aspect of bacterial physiology and virulence. In Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, transcription of the two major virulence factors, toxin and capsule, is triggered by bicarbonate, a major compound in the mammalian body. Here it is shown that glucose is an additional signaling molecule recognized by B. anthracis for toxin synthesis. The presence of glucose increased the expression of the protective antigen toxin component-encoding gene (pagA) by stimulating induction of transcription of the AtxA virulence transcription factor. Induction of atxA transcription by glucose required the carbon catabolite protein CcpA via an indirect mechanism. CcpA did not bind specifically to any region of the extended atxA promoter. The virulence of a B. anthracis strain from which the ccpA gene was deleted was significantly attenuated in a mouse model of infection. The data demonstrated that glucose is an important host environment-derived signaling molecule and that CcpA is a molecular link between environmental sensing and B. anthracis pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.