ArticleJournal of virology2011
Dynamics of two separate but linked HIV-1 CRF01_AE outbreaks among injection drug users in Stockholm, Sweden, and Helsinki, Finland.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Defining HIV-1 transmission clusters based on sequence data.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Pooled it
- Identifying impacts of contact tracing on HIV epidemiological inference from phylogenetic data.Virus evolution · 2025Article
- Sweden surpasses the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target: estimating HIV-1 incidence, 2003 to 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 in Sweden 1996 to 2022, and the influence of migration from Ukraine.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- A deep learning approach to real-time HIV outbreak detection using genetic data.PLoS computational biology · 2022Article
- Phylogeographic Assessment Reveals Geographic Sources of HIV-1 Dissemination Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Kenya.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Could 30 years of political controversy on needle exchange programmes in Sweden contribute to scaling-up harm reduction services in the world?Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2021Article
- Inferring transmission heterogeneity using virus genealogies: Estimation and targeted prevention.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs in Europe, North America, and Israel.The lancet. HIV · 2020Review
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Phylodynamics to Detect and Characterize Active Transmission Clusters in North Carolina.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- The Impact of Human Mobility on Regional and Global Efforts to Control HIV Transmission.Viruses · 2020Article
- Transmission Dynamics of HIV Subtype A in Tel Aviv, Israel: Implications for HIV Spread and Eradication.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Recent and Rapid Transmission of HIV Among People Who Inject Drugs in Scotland Revealed Through Phylogenetic Analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Risk behaviour determinants among people who inject drugs in Stockholm, Sweden over a 10-year period, from 2002 to 2012.Harm reduction journal · 2017Article
- Inference of Transmission Network Structure from HIV Phylogenetic Trees.PLoS computational biology · 2017Article
- Overview of HIV molecular epidemiology among people who inject drugs in Europe and Asia.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2016Review
- Phylogenetically resolving epidemiologic linkage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- HIV-1 transmission between MSM and heterosexuals, and increasing proportions of circulating recombinant forms in the Nordic Countries.Virus evolution · 2016Article
- Trends of HIV-1 incidence with credible intervals in Sweden 2002-09 reconstructed using a dynamic model of within-patient IgG growth.International journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Detailed phylogenetic analyses were performed to characterize an HIV-1 outbreak among injection drug users (IDUs) in Stockholm, Sweden, in 2006. This study investigated the source and dynamics of HIV-1 spread during the outbreak as well as associated demographic and clinical factors. Seventy Swedish IDUs diagnosed during 2004 to 2007 were studied. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, and the V3 region of the HIV-1 envelope gene was sequenced to allow detailed phylogenetic analyses. The results showed that the Stockholm outbreak was caused by a CRF01_AE variant imported from Helsinki, Finland, around 2003, which was quiescent until the outbreak started in 2006. Local Swedish subtype B variants continued to spread at a lower rate. The number of new CRF01_AE cases over a rooted phylogenetic tree accurately reflected the transmission dynamics and showed a temporary increase, by a factor of 12, in HIV incidence during the outbreak. Virus levels were similar in CRF01_AE and subtype B infections, arguing against differences in contagiousness. Similarly, there were no major differences in other baseline characteristics. Instead, the outbreak in Stockholm (and Helsinki) was best explained by an introduction of HIV into a standing network of previously uninfected IDUs. The combination of phylogenetics and epidemiological data creates a powerful tool for investigating outbreaks of HIV and other infectious diseases that could improve surveillance and prevention.
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