ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2010
Mucosal host immune response predicts the severity and duration of herpes simplex virus-2 genital tract shedding episodes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- B cells, antibody-secreting cells, and virus-specific antibodies respond to herpes simplex virus 2 reactivation in skin.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Trial
- Standard-dose and high-dose daily antiviral therapy for short episodes of genital HSV-2 reactivation: three randomised, open-label, cross-over trials.Lancet (London, England) · 2012Trial
- Epithelial interferon-γ responsiveness shapes chemokine induction and clinical outcomes in herpes simplex virus infection.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Clinical trial simulation of antiviral drugs.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Genital herpes shedding episodes associate with altered spatial organization and activation of mucosal immune cells.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Role of mucosal chemokines in the development of tissue-resident CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Intracellular and extracellular dynamics of herpes simplex virus 1 DNA and infectious particles in epithelial and neuronal cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Herpes stromal keratitis erodes the establishment of tissue-resident memory T cell pool in HSV-1 infected corneas.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- DOCK2 Deficiency Causes Defects in Antiviral T-Cell Responses and Impaired Control of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- A review of HSV pathogenesis, vaccine development, and advanced applications.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- Expansion of the HSV-2-specific T cell repertoire in skin after immunotherapeutic HSV-2 vaccine.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Herpes simplex virus spreads rapidly in human foreskin, partly driven by chemokine-induced redistribution of Nectin-1 on keratinocytes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- CD8+ Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells: Versatile Guardians of the Tissue.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Boosting of vaginal HSV-2-specific B and T cell responses by intravaginal therapeutic immunization results in diminished recurrent HSV-2 disease.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Recurrent infection transiently expands human tissue T cells while maintaining long-term homeostasis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Mucosal CCL28 Chemokine Improves Protection against Genital Herpes through Mobilization of Antiviral Effector Memory CCR10+CD44+ CD62L-CD8+ T Cells and Memory CCR10+B220+CD27+ B Cells into the Infected Vaginal Mucosa.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Towards a comprehensive view of the herpes B virus.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Reliability of Self-Sampling for Accurate Assessment of Respiratory Virus Viral and Immunologic Kinetics.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Modeling explains prolonged SARS-CoV-2 nasal shedding relative to lung shedding in remdesivir-treated rhesus macaques.iScience · 2022Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) shedding episodes in humans vary markedly in duration and virologic titer within an infected person over time, an observation that is unexplained. To evaluate whether host or virological factors more closely accounted for this variability, we combined measures of viral replication and CD8(+) lymphocyte density in genital biopsies, with a stochastic mathematical model of HSV-2 infection. Model simulations reproduced quantities of virus and duration of shedding detected in 1,003 episodes among 386 persons. In the simulations, local CD8(+) lymphocyte density in the mucosa at episode onset predicted peak HSV DNA copy number and whether genital lesions or subclinical shedding occurred. High density of CD8(+) T cells in the mucosa correlated with decreased infected cell lifespan and fewer infected epithelial cells before episode clearance. If infected cell lifespan increased by 15 min because of CD8(+) lymphocyte decay, then there was potential for a thousandfold increase in the number of infected cells. The model suggests that the rate of containment of infected cells by the peripheral mucosal immune system is the major driver of duration and severity of HSV-2 reactivation in the immunocompetent host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.