ArticleClinical & experimental metastasis2011
Interaction between lung cancer cells and astrocytes via specific inflammatory cytokines in the microenvironment of brain metastasis.
Article in Clinical & experimental metastasis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 121 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
121 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship between circulating inflammatory factors and glioma risk and prognosis: A meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Astrocyte heterogeneity in brain metastases.Molecular oncology · 2026Review
- Targeting Wild-type NTRK in NTRK Fusion-Negative Lung Cancer Decreases Brain Metastases.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- The lethal symbiont: exploring the pathophysiology of cancer.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Astrocyte-driven immunosuppression in the brain tumor microenvironment.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- The immune microenvironment of the central nervous system and neuromodulation: new perspectives in lung cancer brain metastases research.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Astrocyte Reprogramming Drives Tumor Progression and Chemotherapy Resistance in Agent-Based Models of Breast Cancer Brain Metastases.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- Brain metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer: crosstalk between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment components.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Directional interactions from non-small cell lung cancer to brain glucose metabolism revealed by total-body PET imaging.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2025Article
- The causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and lung cancer: a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization study.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Blood-brain barrier alterations as an initiator of brain metastasis from lung cancer: a new take on an old story.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Review
- Overview of Preclinical and Clinical Trials of Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Brain Metastases.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Deciphering the Dialogue between Brain Tumors, Neurons, and Astrocytes.The American journal of pathology · 2025Review
- Biological profile of breast cancer brain metastasis.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- RBM10 deficiency promotes brain metastasis by modulating sphingolipid metabolism in a BBB model of EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Role of GPX3+ astrocytes in breast cancer brain metastasis activated by circulating tumor cell exosomes.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Molecular Underpinnings of Brain Metastases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- [Crosstalk between Tumor Cells and Neural Signals in Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Metastasis: Communication Hijacking Based Perspective].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
- Sleepyhead, deadly awakening: the dynamics of metastatic organotropism, tumor dormancy and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Brain microenvironment orchestrates highly aggressive tumor variants: current trends and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Review
61 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of brain metastasis is increasing, however, little is known about molecular mechanism responsible for lung cancer-derived brain metastasis and their development in the brain. In the present study, brain pathology was examined in an experimental model system of brain metastasis as well as in human brain with lung cancer metastasis. In an experimental model, after 3-6 weeks of intracardiac inoculation of human lung cancer-derived (HARA-B) cells in nude mice, wide range of brain metastases were observed. The brain sections showed significant increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes around metastatic lesions. To elucidate the role of astrocytes in lung cancer proliferation, the interaction between primary cultured mouse astrocytes and HARA-B cells was analyzed in vitro. Co-cultures and insert-cultures demonstrated that astrocytes were activated by tumor cell-oriented factors; macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Activated astrocytes produced interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), which in turn promoted tumor cell proliferation. Semi-quantitative immunocytochemistry showed that increased expression of receptors for IL-6 and its subunits gp130 on HARA-B cells. Receptors for TNF-α and IL-1β were also detected on HARA-B cells but down-regulated after co-culture with astrocytes. Insert-culture with astrocytes also stimulated the proliferation of other lung cancer-derived cell lines (PC-9, QG56, and EBC-1). These results suggest that tumor cells and astrocytes stimulate each other and these mutual relationships may be important to understand how lung cancer cells metastasize and develop in the brain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.